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Different pressures of 80 and 90 MPa were applied to produce Y 2 O 3 ceramics by spark plasma sintering in this work. Effects of pressure were investigated on densification, microstructure, infrared (IR) transmission and mechanical properties. It was found that applying higher pressure led to finer microstructure and consequently higher hardness and fracture toughness. An IR-transparent Y 2 O 3 ceramic with 60% transmission at wavelength of 5 µm was obtained by sintering at 1300°C under uniaxial pressure of 90 MPa. This sample had an average grain size of 0.76 µm and hardness and fracture toughness of 9.37 GPa and 1.60 MPa.m 1/2 , respectively.

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