Background
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women, and most breast cancer related deaths are due to metastasis. Urinary bladder metastasis from breast cancer is rarely reported in the literature.
Case presentation
We report a case of a 77-year-old female with history of left breast cancer, who presented a thickening of the bladder wall at pelvic ultrasound. Biopsy confirmed that the origin was lobular carcinoma of breast origin. The patient received chemotherapy, but the clinical course of the patient was very aggressive and she died one year later.
Conclusion
Bladder metastasis from breast cancer is rare, but the literature reveals an increase in such occurrence over the last few years. Pathologic diagnosis relies on immunohistochemical studies. Chemotherapy and hormonal treatment represent the standard therapy, with radiotherapy being used only to control bladder bleeding. The prognosis is usually poor.
Background:
The aim of this case report is to describe the clinical presentation and imaging features of a patient with optic nerve leukaemic infiltration as the first site of relapse after complete response to systemic treatment.
Materials and methods:
We report the case of a 23-year-old man with history of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in complete remission. Six months later, the ocular examination revealed decreased visual acuity. Fundus examination showed a pale optic disk with blurred margins and multiple flame-shaped and dot and blot retinal haemorrhages in his left eye. A diagnosis of leukaemic infiltration to the optic nerve was made by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cytological analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid did not show any abnormal cells or blasts.
Results:
A course of oral corticosteroid therapy was prescribed and 20 Gy of radiation was administered to the whole brain including the left orbit. Vision was improved dramatically in the left eye. Isolated optic nerve relapse of leukaemic infiltration is of paramount importance to early diagnosis, as vision can be saved if treatment with orbital radiotherapy is initiated promptly.
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