The efficiency of acoustic communication depends on the power generated by the sound source, the quality of the environment across which signals propagate, the environmental noise and the sensitivity of the intended receivers. Eupsophus calcaratus, an anuran from the temperate austral forest, communicates by means of an advertisement call of weak intensity in a sound-attenuating environment. To estimate the range over which these frogs communicate effectively, we conducted measurements of sound level and degradation patterns of propagating advertisement calls in the field, and measurements of auditory thresholds to pure tones and to natural calls in laboratory conditions. The results show that E. calcaratus produces weak advertisement calls of about 72 dB sound pressure level (SPL) at 0.25 m from the caller. The signals are affected by attenuation and degradation patterns as they propagate in their native environment, reaching average values of 61 and 51 dB SPL at 1 and 2 m from the sound source, respectively. Midbrain multi-unit recordings show a relatively low auditory sensitivity, with thresholds of about 58 dB SPL for conspecific calls, which are likely to restrict communication to distances shorter than 2 m, a remarkably short range as compared to other anurans.

The use of library resources will no longer be restricted to the physical location of libraries thanks to networking technologies and Standard protocols for Information retrieval. These technical achievements allow users access to geographically scattered libraries but they do not ease their intellectual access. Indeed, users need a certain command of different languages to find publications whose records are written in a unique language. Multilingual facilities, including multilingual presentation and retrieval, can intellectually open the library catalogue to a wider ränge of international users. This paper describes an attempt at using multilingual resources with a view to improving user-OPAC interaction through the TRANSLIB project, which provides library users with advanced tools that support multilingual access.• The OPAC search model will come closer to the user's model in order to develop Systems that answer ques-in order to cope with the challenges in transition societies, people need access to more Information to be better able to understand change. Libraries must provide this access. Public libraries in Slovenia are relatively well organised and sonne have already adapted to the changes in our society, but we all have to extend our traditional cultural role and become Information centres. This paper discusses the new functions of public libraries and an organisational model for Information Services is proposed. The current Situation in Slovenia and future plans are discussed in greater detail.This paper presents a case study in which the Delphi technique is applied to utilise expert judgement in systematically allocating personnel and budget for a university library in Taiwan. Anonymous group decision via the Delphi method, on one hand, reduces the dean's bias in making a personal decision and, on the other hand, eliminates the dominance of some powerful heads in group discussions.Consequently, the consensus of the panel of experts has not only accomplished a more convincing ällocätion than before, but has also saved 3.5 FTE and 520,000 New Taiwan dollars. As the budgets of most libraries are increasing at a slower pace than that of the expenses, the Delphi technique has been demonstrated to be an effective method for resource allocation.

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