Las instituciones públicas del siglo XXI están inmersas en entornos complejos, en dicho contexto el capital humano requiere estímulos que influyan en su conducta para que su comportamiento esté orientado al logro de objetivos organizacionales, generando ventajas competitivas, que les permitan dar respuestas a las comunidades con las cuales interactúan y cumplir su misión social. El artículo tiene como propósito hacer un abordaje teórico de la motivación y su influencia en la gestión del capital humano en los gobiernos locales venezolanos. La investigación fue documental haciendo un arqueo en fuentes bibliográficas y electrónicas de la perspectiva de autores sobre el tema, tales como: Alles (2005/2008) Chiavenato (2008), Cuenca (2010), De Luna (2008), Drucker (1999), Etkin (2005), Guerrero (2010), Rosales (2006), Varona (2002), y soportado en las teorías de la motivación, tales como: ley del efecto, expectativas, equidad, necesidades, teoría de los factores y teoría Z entre otras. Los hallazgos se presentan en dos secciones: la primera aborda aspectos teóricos de la motivación y el capital humano en el contexto organizacional, la segunda explica su prospectiva en gobiernos locales venezolanos. Las conclusiones evidencian las contradicciones entre la teoría y la praxis organizacional, destacando la importancia de la asertiva gestión del capital humano lo cual lleva implícito la motivación para influir en su conducta orientada a la eficiencia y mejoramiento de los procesos internos, en un entorno complejo.
Motives and self-esteem play crucial roles in shaping personal behavior and emotions and have been shown to impact well-being. However, the association between these constructs has been overlooked in women who seem to be more externally driven to engage in exercise. The present study was carried out with the objective of analyzing the associations between motives for physical exercise, positive and negative activations, and self-esteem of Portuguese women exercising at gyms and fitness centers. The sample consists of 206 women aged between 16 and 68 years old (M = 35.77; SD = 11.47). Participants answered a short sociodemographic questionnaire, the Goal Content for Exercise Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. The results showed that the health motive had the highest predictive value (β = 0.24; p < 0.01) on self-esteem and demonstrated a positive and significant correlation with positive activation and self-esteem (p < 0.01). On the other hand, the social recognition motive had the lowest predictive value on self-esteem (β = −0.04; p > 0.05) and demonstrated a non-significant correlation with positive activation and self-esteem (p > 0.05). Looking at the coefficients in the hierarchical regression model, it can be seen that the health motive and positive activation were positively and significantly correlated with self-esteem. This study points to the need to raise awareness about the motives of exercise related to the physical and mental health of Portuguese women. Portuguese women that exercise for health motives display greater perceived self-esteem which is an indication of a greater sense of well-being. While the results are limited to Portuguese women, exercise physiologists assessing exercise motives could provide information on how to prescribe exercise as a means to increase self-esteem, considering the positive activation resulting from this behavior.
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