Epoxidized oleic acid is often regarded as a high value oleochemical due to the wide range of industrial applications including cosmetics, personal care and pharmaceutical products. Epoxidized oleic acid also extensively chosen by industry due to its advantages on the good performance as intermediate chemicals and can be obtained from renewable sources. Synthesis and physicochemical properties of oleic acid palm oil was analyzed for further reaction of epoxidation. In this study, the epoxidation of oleic acid was investigated with performic acid generated in situ from hydrogen peroxide in H2O2 (30%) with formic acid. The characterization of oleic acid through iodine value, viscosity, acid value, saponification number and refractive index were 130, 146. 190.0, 206.1 and 1.47 respectively. On the other hand, the characterization of epoxidized oleic acid were 109.8, 156, 192.6, 219.9 and 1.38 of the same analysis. The chemical structures of the products were confirmed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral analysis.

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Epoxidized palm oleic acid is often regarded as a highly valuable oleochemical due to its wide range of industrial applications, including cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceutical products. In this study, oleic acid derived from palm oil with iodine value of 98.99 g/100 g, containing 75 % of oleic acid, 12 % of linoleic acid, 6.5 % of palmitic acid, and 6.5 % of stearic acid was epoxidised by in situ generated performic acid with hydrogen peroxide as oxygen donor and formic acid as active oxygen carrier in the presence of catalytic amount of inorganic acid. The rate constant for epoxidation of oleic acid was found to be 1.133 ∙ 10–3 mol–1 s–1 and activation energy was 91.12 kJ mol–1 at temperature of 75 °C. In addition, thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and free energy of activation were 88.2 kJ mol–1, −67.90 J mol–1 K–1, and 88.36 kJ mol–1, respectively. Relative conversion data showed that it was possible to develop epoxides from locally available, natural, renewable resources such as palm oil.