Based on the documentary sources of the State Archive of the Aktobe region, the difficulties that affected orphanages in the post-war period and the measures taken by local authorities to address these issues are the focus of this article. Migrating children around was part of the challenges. The number of orphanages in the Aktobe region in 1946-1948 decreased from 12 to 10. Reports on the supply of food, clothing, and household items are scarce, but still they have partially identifed the acute need in some regional orphanages. The government tried to address the children homelessness and neglect issues by employing teenagers in enterprises and placing them in educational institutions. The living conditions of foster children in orphanages gradually began to improve by 1951-1952.