This study investigated levels and sources of pollution and potential health risks associated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban street dust collected from Tyumen city, a large transport centre with one of the highest motorization rates in Russia. Twenty street dust samples were collected from four grades of roads in five different land use areas.Research methods included measurements of physical and chemical properties of street dust, concentrations of 18 PTEs using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, 12 PAHs using high-performance liquid chromatography, and statistical analysis of the data. Concentrations of Ni, Cr, Sb, and Mo, as well as medium and high molecular weight PAHs in urban street dust, were notably higher than in soils within the city, which indicates that transport is the main source of these elements. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn, and As in street dust of Tyumen were lower compared to many large cities, while Cr, Ni, and Co were higher. Concentrations of PAH were comparable to other large nonindustrial cities. Total contamination of street dust by both PTEs and PAHs showed more robust relationships with the number of roadway lanes rather than land use. The estimated carcinogenic risks were low in 70% of samples and medium in 30% of samples. Noncarcinogenic risks were attributed to exposure to Co, Ni, V, and As. The total noncarcinogenic risk for adults was found to be negligible, while the risk was found to be moderate for children.
Buried soils within aeolian deposits are considered an important tool for diagnosing, determining the age, and estimating the intensity of aeolian processes at the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene in the Northern Hemisphere. Late Pleistocene aeolian coversands and ancient inland dunes are widely distributed in the periglacial zone of Western Siberia. In contrast to the territories of Central and Eastern Europe, the paleosol archive of the aeolian sands and dunes of Western Siberia has not yet been studied. This paper presents the first findings of late Pleistocene paleosols within the ancient inland dunes in the southeast of Western Siberia (Ob–Tomsk interfluve, Tomsk region). The soils and their stratigraphic position were studied in the outcrop of the quarry, located in the junction zone of the second Tom river terraces and the ancient valley. Two types of paleosols were identified. The first one is confined to the central part of a small dune and is represented by a slightly developed Albic Arenosol with fragmentary humus horizon Ahb and a well-pronounced Eb. It can probably be considered as an analogue of the European Usselo soil. The second paleosol was found at the bottom of the interdune depression. It is represented by a brown Bwb horizon and probably corresponds to a Brunic Arenosol (Dystric). The second paleosol is characterized by a higher content of clay fraction and organic carbon, the presence of weak signs of illuviation, and richer and more diverse mineral composition. This soil is apparently an analogue of the European Finow soil. Radiocarbon dating of the charcoals found in the paleosols suggests that the first dates from the Younger Dryas (ca. 12,036 cal. yr. BP), and the second one from the Allerød (ca. 13,355 cal. yr. BP). The study results propose that the natural environment in the periglacial zone of the south of Western Siberia was generally similar to those in Central and Eastern Europe, and the activation of aeolian processes, which led to the formation of a dune relief, occurred at about the same time.
В работе представлены результаты исследования генетических особенностей почв и закономерностей организации почвенного покрова песчаных массивов юга Западной Сибири на примере Тура-Пышминского и Обь-Томского междуречий. Для изучения почвенного покрова применены почвенно-морфологический, сравнительно-географический и литолого-геоморфологический методы. Результаты исследований показали, что несмотря на внешнее сходство почв песчаных массивов, располагающихся на одной широте в противоположных частях западносибирского макрорегиона, закономерности организации почвенного покрова несколько отличаются в силу региональных особенностей истории развития, климата, интенсивности антропогенного воздействия. В пределах Тура-Пышминского междуречья выделены 4 области, различающиеся по характеру почвообразующих пород, рельефу, преобладающим растительным сообществам и почвам: высокие террасы реки Пышмы, переходящие в междуречье, области распространения низкого дюнного рельефа, области распространения высокого дюнного рельефа и террасы реки Туры с эоловым наносом, перекрывающим карбонатные озерно-аллювиальные суглинки. В пределах Обь-Томского междуречья выделены 3 типа эоловых ландшафтов: области распространения дюнного рельефа, переходные поверхности с линзами и прослоями суглинков и участки террас и междуречий, перекрытые маломощным эоловым наносом. Каждой области соответствуют характерные почвенные микросопряжения. Почвы песчаных массивов Тура-Пышминского и Обь-Томского междуречья имеют ряд сходств, проявляющихся как на уровне общих закономерностей организации почвенного покрова, так и в наборе и интенсивности основных почвообразовательных процессов. Наиболее благоприятные условия для почвообразования создаются в периферийных частях песчаных массивов при подстилании песков суглинистыми отложениями, где альфегумусовый процесс сменяется гумосонакопленим. Ключевые слова: дюнный рельеф, песчаные массивы, альфегумусовый процесс, Западная Сибирь
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.