The issues of influence of soil moisture, heat insulation type and heat carrier temperature on heat losses of district heat supply networks pipelines are considered. Calculations were carried out to change the efficiency of insulation of polyurethane foam and polymineral foam for four different modes of operation of district heat supply networks pipelines with gradual moistening of soil from 0 to 48% with channel-free lying; insulation is not wetted. The reasons and consequences of different temperature levels in district heating networks in Russia and Western Europe are considered. The calculated distribution temperatures in the central heating system pipeline were 75.85/49.85°C. The results show that the thermal losses of the pre-insulated pipelines increase many times depending on the soil moistening. In addition, calculations showed that in absolutely dry soil heat loss of pipelines of heat networks laid channel-free for all considered modes is less than calculated. But absolutely dry soil is a condition characteristic of deserts rather than the Middle Volga region.

The efficiency of works on replacement of steel pipelines of hot water supply of Kazan with pipes from polymer materials was considered. Due to the high corrosive activity of water, the service life of hot water pipelines does not exceed 8-10 years. To improve the reliability and quality of the supply of hot water to consumers, the possibility of modernizing hot water supply networks using pipelines made of polymer materials is being considered. The problem of physical wear of heat supply networks is disclosed; analysis of polymer pipelines use for energy saving purposes is carried out. Thermal energy savings are calculated after the modernization of heating networks. The costs, savings and payback period of the energy-saving measures are determined.

Тепловой пункт является связующим звеном между рассматриваемым объектом и тепловыми сетями. В статье рассматривается принятие корректных, малозатратных и быстроокупаемых проектных и технологических решений для индивидуального теплового пункта, способствующих экономии тепловой и электрической энергии. Ключевые слова: теплоснабжение, блочный тепловой пункт, энергосбережение

Разработан способ получения нефтепоглощающих сорбентов на основе древесных опилок. Оптимальными нефтепоглощающими свойствами обладают