RESUMOApesar dos avanços no tratamento do câncer de mama, a mastectomia continua sendo bastante utilizada, podendo prejudicar a condição emocional e social da mulher, em decorrência da alteração de sua imagem corporal. Este estudo teve como objetivo levantar dados científicos sobre indicadores de insatisfação relacionados à imagem corporal de mulheres com mastectomia. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura de artigos internacionais nas bases do PubMed no período de 2003 a 2012. Foram avaliados 232 artigos e selecionados 10 estudos. Foram utilizados os descritores "breast cancer" associado à "body image" e a "mastectomy". Foram incluídos estudos com mulheres mastectomizadas que abordassem o termo "imagem corporal", incluindo-se pesquisas quantitativas e qualitativas. Os resultados dos dez estudos selecionados mostraram que, na avaliação pós-operatória de câncer de mama, as mulheres mastectomizadas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de estresse em relação à imagem corporal e relataram a insatisfação com a aparência de suas mamas. Os indicadores de insatisfação relacionados à imagem corporal em pacientes submetidas à mastectomia são: vergonha de não terem uma mama, insatisfação com a sua aparência física, estresse, baixa autoconfiança, além de se sentirem menos atraentes sexualmente.
ABSTRACT
Toxoplasma gondii is the most common protozoan found in animals and humans and has been found in several of the host's organs, including the liver. This study aimed to evaluate hepatic injury in experimental toxoplasmosis caused by two strains of T. gondii (RH and Me-49 strains). Biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed. It was possible to detect significant increases in serum levels of AST, ALT and LDH in both infections. The histopathological analysis showed inflammatory infiltration in the Me-49 strain infection and hyperemia and vasodilation in the RH strain infection. The acute infection (RH strain) induced hepatic failure and the death of the host. The chronic infection (ME-49 strain) caused liver damage but not enough to kill the host. Therefore this study validates the importance of biochemical concentrations for the evaluation of the infection, showing the importance of rigorous clinical assessment of T. gondii infected individuals.
The fields of Biostatistics and Biometrics play a crucial role in unraveling the mysteries of human health and empowering healthcare professionals to make informed decisions. By mining health data for meaningful patterns, they enable medical practitioners to identify emerging trends and develop targeted, effective policies and practices. Meanwhile, the analysis of biological data unleashes a wealth of insights, enabling accurate diagnoses and unleashing innovative therapies that transform lives. Together, these fields are a powerful force for good, fueling breakthroughs that enable us to better understand and heal the human body (Clayton and Hills 2019).
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