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Risk factors can lead to clinical conditions, like metabolic syndrome, that predisposes the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and which risk factors cause more impact in metabolic syndrome in patients with established atherosclerosis disease. A cross-sectional study was performed as a subanalysis of Programa Alimentação Cardioprotetora Brasileira.Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose were collected. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the harmonized criteria.Linear regression was used to analyze the association between number of components of metabolic syndrome and risk factors. 82 patients were included and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 84.1%. Being overweight was associated with an increase by 0.55 point in diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome in crude analysis (95%CI 0.09-1.00) and 0.64 in adjusted analysis (95%CI 0.18-1.09), while former/current smoker status was responsible for raising by 0.48 the number of components of metabolic syndrome, only in adjusted analysis (95%CI 0.04-0.92). Overweight and former/current smoker status are associated with MS, increasing the probability of atherosclerotic events. A healthy lifestyle, that includes avoiding tobacco exposure and proper weight control, must be encouraged in this high-risk population.

Background: In most cases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is preventable through primary prevention and control of traditional risk factors, such as smoking cessation, regular physical activity, and adherence to healthy dietary patterns. The assessment of diet quality of ACVD patients would be important for a dietary intervention.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate diet quality of ACVD patients and its association with clinical conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was nested within a randomized clinical trial entitled "Programa Alimentar Cardioprotetor Brasileiro." Baseline data of 80 patients from Pelotas, Brazil, were obtained. Food consumption was assessed using 24-h food recall and the Revised Diet Quality Index (IQD-R). Data on smoking status and comorbidities were reported by the patients during medical history taking. To analyze the associations between IQD-R and clinical variables, unpaired Student's t-test or the analysis of variance was performed. The significance level was 5%.Results: Most of the sample consisted of men (66.5%), elderly individuals (52.50%), patients with hypertension (78.75%), dyslipidemia (58.75%), and overweight (73.75%). The average IQD-R score was 56.7 ± 12.6 points. Better quality of diet was observed for patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (61.1 ± 11.8 versus 54.0 ± 12.6 points; p=0.014). Conclusion:There is a need to improve diet quality of ACVD patients. Patients ACVD and diabetes had better diet quality compared to those without diabetes.

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