The results indicated that risperidone augmentation with fluvoxamine could significantly improve cognitive impairments and negative symptoms among patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, this augmentation led to higher quality of life among these patients.

Background Cognitive dysfunction is common among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the determinants of cognitive dysfunction are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of cognitive dysfunction in a relatively large sample of patients with MS for rapid screening. Results Fifty-three patients (33.6%) had cognitive dysfunction. According to the Wechsler Memory Scale, patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and patients with progressive MS (PMS) had significantly lower scores than the control group. Patients with RRMS compared to the control group were 76.73 ± 8.50 versus 105.58 ± 8.71 (P < 0.01), and patients with PMS compared to the control group were 72.56 ± 6.44 versus 105.58 ± 8.71 (P < 0.01). In patients with RRMS, the factors affecting the emergence of cognitive dysfunction included disability, fatigue, depression, and duration of illness, whereas in patients with PMS, just the disability variable was related to the presence or absence of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions Our findings showed that disability, fatigue, depression, and duration of illness were factors associated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with RRMS. Proper identification of these factors can be helpful in the screening of cognitive dysfunction in this population.

Background: Living with diabetes and managing it can have substantial emotional burden on individuals. These changes might affect individuals' lives in terms of stress and depression. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress and depression among diabetic women who referred to endocrine clinic of Qazvin in 2014. Methods: For this purpose, 250 patients (125 individuals suffering from diabetes and 125 individuals as a control group) participated in this study. All individuals completed the beck depression inventory and the cattell anxiety inventory. In addition to these, demographic and clinical records were collected from their medical records and were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods. Results: In terms of the Maximum of mild anxiety there were 52 diabetic individuals (41.6%) versus 69 individuals of the control group (55.2%); in terms of Moderate-severe anxiety there were 73 cases (58.4%) versus 56 patients (44.8%) (P value = 0.031). In studying the Maximum of mild depression, there were 43 patients (34.4%) versus 92 (73.6%); in terms of Moderate-severe depression, there were 82 patients (65.6%) versus 33 (26.4%) (P value = 0.001). On a closer examination among age, type of diabetes, duration of diabetes, and insulin injections; only the duration of having diabetes was significantly associated with depression as one of the mental health variables. Conclusions: This study showed that anxiety and depression are significantly more common among diabetic patients in comparison to the control group in the city of Qazvin; therefore, it is necessary to develop primary care by a system based on the reaction, so that an effective treatment for mental health would take place and, ultimately, the impact of these interventions should be studied.

Researchers showed comorbidity of sleep disorders and mental disorders. The current study aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety and their relationship with insomnia, nightmare and demographic variables in the medical students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2015. The study population included 253 medical students with the age range of 18-35 years. Data were gathered using Beck depression inventory, Cattle anxiety, and insomnia and nightmare questionnaires and were analyzed by proper statistical methods (independent T-test, Chi-square test and Spearman correlation coefficient (P<0.05). Among the participants, 126 (49.6%) subjects had depression and 108 (42.5%) anxiety. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the subjects with lower family income was significantly higher (X2=6.75, P=.03 for depression and X2=27.99, P<0.05 for anxiety). There was a close relationship between depression with sleep-onset difficulty, difficulty in awakening and daily sleep attacks, and also between anxiety with sleep-onset difficulty and daily tiredness (P <0.05). In addition, there was a close relationship between depression and anxiety with nightmare; 16.2% of the subjects with depression and 26.5% of the ones with anxiety experienced nightmares. Results showed a relationship between nightmare, insomnia and level of family income with increasing depression and anxiety in the medical students. These results can help to perform the preventive mental health program in the medical students.

No abstract