The most important medical and social problem of modern health care are diseases of the circulatory system, the high incidence of which is due to the interaction of a number of factors, among which a certain place is occupied by the living environment. The purpose and objectives of the study - to lead ecological and hygienic assessment of the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system in the population of Primorsky Krai. Material and methods. Ecological and hygienic assessment of the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system in the population of Primorsky Krai was carried out for the period 2000-2017, depending on the bioclimatic zone, environmental situation and habitat factors. Characteristics of the habitat were carried out according to 8 sanitary-hygienic and 7 natural-climatic modular factors, based on a 10-point system in accordance with the developed assessment scale. The dependences between environmental factors and the level of circulatory diseases were assessed by regression analysis, and the statistical significance was assessed by Chi - square (Pearson) criterion. Results. During the period 2000-2017 in Primorsky Krai there was an increase in the incidence of diseases of the circulatory system by 38%, and since 2006 they have come to the first place in the structure of morbidity and amounted to 43-49%. Among the diseases of the circulatory system is dominated by hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease. It is established that the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system in the population is influenced by the following sanitary and hygienic parameters: the level of air pollution, the characteristic of chemical pollution, adverse physical factors, transport loads. The prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system has a strong relationship with a number of climatic parameters: the number of days with the biological activity of solar radiation, latitude, air speed. Discussion. Climatic and ecological factors of the region, social and demographic features can cause deviations of the health status of the population from the all-Russian trends. Conclusion. The dependence of the prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system on the bioclimatic zone, the degree of stress of the environmental situation in the Primorsky territory, as well as environmental factors.

The article presents the model of organization of oncologic care of population of the region exemplified by the Primorskiy Krai. The major principle of development of the model consists in medical, social and economic efficiency. The main structural unit of the model of oncologic service of the region is to be the oncologic center. These centers are organized with economically justified personnel and material technical staffing, on the basis of one place concentration of significant number of patients. The functioning of the oncologic center comes to three principles: 1) quality of oncologic care is to be provided for by a single standard of organizational and medical technologies: 2) the system of oncologic care is to be accessible for any patient; 3) institutions of oncologic care within the limits of geographic, economic and social zone of the krai (oblast, okrug) are to have efficient mechanisms of interaction permitting to implement transference of patients and coordination of activities of specialists of various profiles. The implementation of modern organizational technologies of oncologic care of population of the region includes elements of strategic planning, development of system of palliative care of patients, application of standardization and management of medical care quality.

Временная и возрастная динамика биологических характеристик у сельского населения Монголии: антропоэкологические исследования В работе анализируется временнáя и возрастная изменчивость морфофизиологических и рентгенографических данных в пяти сельских популяциях Монголии, проживающих в различных климатогеографических зонах и ведущих традиционный образ жизни. Фактический материал был собран в ходе антропоэкологических экспедиций в 1986-1990 гг. Были обследованы четыре группы халха-монголов и одна хотонов. Всего 970 мужчин и женщин в возрастном диапазоне 18-80 лет. Установлено, что региональные климатогеографические характеристики мест обитания популяций практически не оказывают влияния на изменчивость и величины морфологических характеристик в халха-монгольских группах. Эти группы показывают также временнýю стабильность соматических показателей на протяжении последних 40 лет, а с учетом литературных данных-с конца XIX в. Полученные результаты по темпам возрастных изменений скелета кисти у монголов относятся к категории низких и умеренных. Половое созревание монголок замедленное, средние сроки менархе составляют 15,8 лет и временнóй динамики не обнаружено. У хотонских женщин этот показатель еще больше-16,8 лет. В отличие от халха-монгольского населения, в женской части популяции хотонов зафиксированы секулярные изменения размеров тела, ускорение темпов полового созревания и старения скелета. Рассмотренный комплекс биологических показателей свидетельствует об адаптированности обследованных групп халха-монголов к факторам окружающей среды. В мигрантной популяции хотонов наблюдаются признаки формирования адаптивной нормы, характерной для коренного населения региона.

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