Many efforts have been made to standardize the interpretation of 18 f-fDG pet/ct in multiple myeloma (MM) with qualitative visual analysis or with quantitative metabolic parameters using various methods for lesion segmentation of PET images. The aim of this study was to propose a quantitative method for bone and bone marrow evaluation of 18 F-FDG PET/CT considering the extent and intensity of bone 18 F-FDG uptake: Intensity of Bone Involvement (IBI). Whole body 18 F-FDG PET/CT of 59 consecutive MM patients were evaluated. Compact bone tissue was segmented in PET images using a global threshold for HU of the registered CT image. A whole skeleton mask was created and the percentage of its volume with 18 F-FDG uptake above hepatic uptake was calculated (Percentage of Bone Involvement -PBI). IBI was defined by multiplying PBI by mean SUV above hepatic uptake. IBI was compared with visual analysis performed by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians. IBI calculation was feasible in all images (range:0.00-1.35). Visual analysis categorized PET exams into three groups (negative/ mild, moderate and marked bone involvement), that had different ranges of IBI (multi comparison analysis, p < 0.0001). There was an inverse correlation between the patients' hemoglobin values and IBI (r = −0.248;p = 0.02). IBI score is an objective measure of bone and bone marrow involvement in MM, allowing the categorization of patients in different degrees of aggressiveness of the bone disease. The next step is to validate IBI in a larger group of patients, before and after treatment and in a multicentre setting.Lytic bone lesions are reported in approximately 80% of myeloma multiple (MM) patients 1,2 . Early and precise evaluation of bone involvement is crucial for staging and correct disease management.Hybrid image of positron emission tomography with 18 F-fluordeoxyglucose and computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) is one of the main methods for the evaluation of MM patients. It allows whole-body images, intra and extramedullary lesion detection, distinction between active lesions and scar or necrotic tissue and has been more sensitive than MRI in treatment assessment 3-5 .Many efforts have been attempted to standardize the interpretation of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in MM, using qualitative visual analysis or quantitative metabolic parameters, such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) 6-9 . However, none of these methods have been extensively used in clinical practice or research projects, probably because of the complexity of the visual quantification 6,7 or due to the lack of standardization of MTV and TLG calculations 8-10 . Also, MTV and TLG only consider areas visually defined as lesions and ignore diffuse uptake of the bone marrow.

No abstract

Brain SPECT imaging and MRI were capable of identifying subclinical abnormalities in individuals with MJD. These findings may be helpful for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease.

No abstract

Purpose:The purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET / CT in the setting of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.Materials and Methods:We retrospectively evaluated 125 prostate cancer patients submitted to the 68Ga-PSMA PET / CT due to biochemical recurrence. The parameters age, Gleason score, PSA levels, and the highest SUVmax were correlated to potential treatment changes. The highest SUVmax values were correlated with age and Gleason score. The median follow-up time was 24 months.Results: 68Ga-PSMA PET / CT led to a treatment change in 66 / 104 (63.4%) patients (twenty-one patients were lost to follow-up). There was a significant change of treatment plan in patients with a higher Gleason score (P = 0.0233), higher SUVmax (p = 0.0306) and higher PSA levels (P < 0.0001; median PSA = 2.55 ng / mL).Conclusion: 68Ga-PSMA PET / CT in prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence has a high impact in patient management.