The study of suicidal behavior has gained relevance given that recently about 50% of the population between 14 and 19 years old exhibit suicidal ideation and, in the population in general, there has been a rise of up to 150% in suicidal behavior. The outcomes of these studies of genetic epidemiology show that several genes may be associated with suicidal behavior. In particular, one of the hypotheses propounds that genes of proteins that participate in the serotonergic pathway could be responsible for the development of this behavior. There is neurochemical evidence showing alterations at different levels along this pathway. In this work, a review is made of several of the genes participating in the serotonergic pathway and their possible participation in suicidal behavior.Key Words: Suicide; serotonin; genetics; polymorphism; association studies . RESUMENLa conducta suicida es un problema de salud mental en el mundo. El estudio de la conducta suicida toma interés dado que en los años recientes, cerca del 50% de la población entre 14 y 19 años de edad presentan ideación suicida y en la población general se observa un aumento hasta del 150% en la conducta suicida. Estudios de epidemiología genética muestran que los genes pueden estar asociados a la conducta suicida. Recientemente se ha propuesto que los genes involucrados en la llamada vía serotoninérgica están participando, ya que evidencia neuroquímica demuestran alteraciones a diferentes niveles. Sin embargo, en población latina son pocos los estudios que evalúen el papel de los genes para generar estas condiciones. En este trabajo, se presenta una revisión de los principales genes que participan en la vía serotoninérgica y presenta evidencia de la participación de esos en la conducta suicida.Palabras Clave: Suicidio, Serotonina, Genética, polimorfismos, Estudios de asociación . ________________________ Recibido
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