Arterial stiffness is associated with reduced baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and resistance training; thus a potentially increased cardiovascular risk in resistance-trained (RT) individuals. The effects of resistance training on arterial stiffness and BRS have been evaluated at rest, but cardiovascular abnormalities that are not shown at rest may be revealed during recovery after exercise. Aortic systolic (aSBP) and diastolic blood pressure (aDBP), stroke volume (SV), augmentation index (AIx), vagal activity, BRS responses to isometric handgrip (IHG), and post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) were evaluated in 10 RT and 10 untrained (UT) men (21+/-1 years). Resting aDBP and AIx were lower in RT compared with UT. Heart rate recovery, BRS, and vagal reactivation during PEMI were similar in both groups. Increases in aSBP (13+/-11 mmHg), AIx (5+/-10%), and SV (12+/-12%) during IHG further increased during PEMI (8+/-14 mmHg, 12+/-6%, and 10+/-8%). Increases in aDBP from rest to PEMI were higher in RT (17+/-9 mmHg) compared with UT (7+/-8 mmHg). The lower resting aDBP and the enhanced response to PEMI suggest beneficial adaptations in RT men. Wave reflection, aortic SBP, and cardiovagal BRS responses to IHG and PEMI are not affected by resistance training in young healthy men.

Summary:There have been several cases of microvascular repair of traumatically avulsed or amputated ears in the literature. It seems that, if possible at the time of operation, microsurgical techniques yield the best results. However, because of the nature, complexity, and acuity of traumatic injuries, this option is not always feasible. Although the possibility of microsurgical repair exists, the small size of these vessels is often prohibitive, even for a skilled microsurgeon. Here, we present the case of a 4-year-old boy with almost complete amputation of the left ear attached by an inferior narrow skin pedicle after a dog bite. He was treated with primary repair and postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) with good results. This case is another example that even a narrow skin pedicle can contain artery and vein that can supply a large segment of the auricle, making primary repair feasible because of the vascular anatomy and communicating helical arcade. Also, this case demonstrates the successful use of HBOT with a pediatric patient as an adjuvant postoperative therapy.

Bed availability remains a constant struggle for tertiary care centers resulting in the use of management protocols to streamline patient care and reduce length of stay (LOS). A standardized perioperative management protocol for uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UA) was implemented in April 2014 to decrease both CT scan usage and LOS. Patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for UA from April 2012 to May 2013 (PRE group) and April 2014 to May 2015 (POST group) were compared retrospectively. There were no differences in patient demographics or clinical findings between the groups. All patients in the PRE group had a CT scan for the diagnosis of appendicitis, whereas there was a 14 per cent decrease in the POST group (P = 0.002). There was a significant decrease in median LOS between the groups [PRE 1.3 vs POST 0.9 days; (P < 0.001)]. There was no difference in subsequent emergency department visits for complications [3 (4%) vs 4 (4%); P = 1.0] or 30-day readmission rate [1 (1%) vs 5 (5%); P = 0.22] between the groups. A standardized perioperative management protocol for UA patients significantly decreased CT scan utilization and LOS without compromising patient care.

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