The pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of sepsis remain major challenges for contemporary clinical practice. In this sense, efforts to broaden the knowledge about the mechanisms involved in systemic inflammation and to identify new methods for detecting sepsis in the early stages and the stratification of patients are extremely important. The purpose of this paper is to review the role of the anti-inflammatory cytokines in sepsis and present perspectives on the in silico investigation of the role of these mediators in this nosological entity, using the computational system AutoSimmune.