Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence keeps increasing worldwide and being particular concern due to its morbidity and mortality. However, current CKD therapy are known to be economically costly and not necessarily provide better outcomes. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of the substances that widely studied as perspective therapeutic agents of CKD due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and enhancing mitochondrial function ability. However, the use of EGCG is limited to low bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetic profile. Encapsulation of EGCG with PLGA is expected to increase the efficacy of EGCG especially for its use as the kidney protective agent and optimize therapy of CKD. Thus, this study aims to analyze the potency of PLGA-encapsulated EGCG as the adjuvant therapy for CKD. This study was a narrative review summarizes studies related to current adjuvant therapy of CKD. EGCG has beneficial effects in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines among chronic kidney disease. EGCG also can increase scavenging of free radicals to decrease reactive oxygen species. EGCG is known to enhance mitochondrial function and increase mitochondrial protection to prevent apoptosis in various kidney diseases. Combination of PLGA encapsulation with EGCG has a beneficial effect in improving the delivery, bioavailability, stability, and the pharmacokinetic profile of EGCG. PLGA-encapsulated EGCG also provides a better therapeutic effect on preventing and decreasing progression of kidney damage. Finally, this study concluded that combination of PLGA-encapsulated EGCG has a potency as the adjuvant therapy of CKD.

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccination has been carried out for the elderly, traders, vulnerable groups, and the government has also begun to accelerate vaccination for residents aged 18 years and over. Regarding this issue, we seek to assess college students' understanding of the knowledge about the vaccinations they will receive.Method: Survey on the level of knowledge, attitudes, practices, and concerns regarding vaccination was assisted by using the Knowledge, Attitude, Practices and Concerns (KAPC) questionnaire with a reliability value of Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.86 which indicates that the questionnaire has good consistency and the validation of the questionnaire also shows good result. Respondents are non-medical students who live in Surabaya which are ≥ 18 years old and obtained by total sampling. Data analysis for the level of knowledge using the scale method, namely the Guttman scale. Meanwhile, the components of attitudes, practices, and concerns were measured using a Likert scale.Results: Sociodemographic data showed that the majority of respondents were 21 years old, amounting to 58.1%. Most respondents are female with a percentage of 67.6%. The results of the knowledge of non-medical students in Surabaya for the Covid-19 vaccination showed that 105 respondents had a level of 54.3%. Respondents' attitudes against COVID-19 vaccination are valued as much as 81.2%. The respondents' practice of COVID-19 vaccination is 78.8%. Meanwhile, the level of concern of respondents regarding the COVID-19 vaccination is 34.4%. Conclusion:Based on survey data as many as 105 respondents from non-medical students in Surabaya regarding the COVID-19 vaccination, it is known that the respondents' knowledge level is low, the respondent's attitude is very good, the respondent's practice level is good, and the respondent's level of concern about COVID-19 vaccination barriers is low.

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