Management of AF in RAF aircrew requires a holistic approach, with an awareness of the arrhythmogenic aviation environment in which RAF aircrew operate. Most RAF aircrew with AF will retain a restricted flying status, but this should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained atrial arrhythmia, and increases an individual's risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular and thromboembolic events. In this article, we review the pathophysiology and clinical presentations of AF and describe appropriate investigations and management likely to be appropriate for a military population, in line with current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The implications for the individual's Medical Employment Standard in the UK Armed Forces, with specific reference to specific military occupational activities such as aviation, diving and driving occupationally, are also reviewed.

Hypertension and hypertension-related diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A diagnosis of hypertension can have serious occupational implications for military personnel. This article examines the diagnosis and management of hypertension in military personnel, in the context of current international standards. We consider the consequences of hypertension in the military environment and potential military-specific issues relating to hypertension.

Sarcomas arising in the skin are rare but potentially fatal. These tumours originate from mesenchymal cells and can be divided between those that arise in soft tissue and those arising from bone. General guidelines exist for the management of soft tissue sarcomas however there are no specific guidelines for cutaneous sarcomas. Current literature was reviewed for management of seven cutaneous sarcomas including atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX), pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS), dermal and subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma (LMS), dermatofibroma sarcoma protuberans (DFDP), Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST). All suspected sarcomas should be discussed in a sarcoma multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. This article is not a clinical guideline but should serve as a practical summary of how these tumours present, how they are recognised histologically, and how best to manage and follow up patients. The aim is to support clinicians and facilitate the best and most evidence-based standard of care available.