This article examines the different ways of interaction that young people have with television and online video content. Inspired by Van Dijck's argument (2009), that there is a misleading assumption to define the audience in terms of passive recipients related to old media (e.g. television) and active participants who are internet users, the aim of this study is, firstly, to analyze if there are differences related to the type of medium; and, secondly, to examine if it is possible to develop an audience interaction typology in relation to television and to video content. The study presents the most significant statistical results of a survey of 475 students conducted at Mondragon University. After carrying out a factorial analysis, two multiple generalized linear regressions and a cluster analysis, our results show that it is statistically impossible to describe the audience's attitude as a dichotomy between passive television viewers and active internet users. Likewise, it is not possible to develop an audience interaction typology in relation to television and to video content. The results rather show a multifarious profile of activity patterns related to specific contents and interactive practices on the Web. This study illustrates the complexity of content, context and audience practices in the new media environment.

The benefits of applying pressure management in urban water supply networks have been well known for more than 10 years. Apart from reducing leakage, it also reduces burst frequency and consumption. However, the reduction of consumption with pressure is an objective that has only been considered a priority in water scarcity scenarios and suffers from a lack of systematic or conclusive studies. This paper analyses the relationship between pressure and consumption in a water distribution network equipped with remote water meter reading. Based on end use breakdowns, the paper estimates the percentage of pressure-dependent consumption. It establishes three different scenarios and assesses the relationship between pressure and consumption by means of the N3 coefficient.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los patrones de consumo audiovisual de los adolescentes de entre 12 y 16 años, haciendo especial hincapié en los contenidos de ficción televisiva. Con el fin de entender el rol de las series de televisión en la era de la digitalización audiovisual, se han analizado las preferencias audiovisuales de estos adolescentes y sus motivaciones, así como sus prácticas alrededor de estos contenidos. En esta investigación se exponen datos cuantitativos y cualitativos recogidos en 2011, años posteriores al apagón analógico de la televisión y que marcan el comienzo de una nueva era audiovisual con nuevas particularidades en la producción, emisión y consumo de contenidos audiovisuales. Se analizan los cuestionarios de 852 adolescentes, así como 26 entrevistas en profundidad y 16 perfiles de la red social Tuenti, con el fin de radiografiar los usos que los jóvenes realizan alrededor de las series de televisión. Los resultados demuestran que, aunque el consumo de contenidos de ficción está estrechamente relacionado con prácticas tradicionales de consumo televisivo, han surgido nuevas expresiones y experiencias a través de Internet.

Ikerketa honetan aztertu da zelakoa den Leintz bailarako nerabeen (12-16 urte) ikus-entzunezko kontsumoa. Aztertu da, batetik, gaztetxoek zelan kontsumitzen dituzten ikus-entzunezkoak; horrekin batera, ezagutu nahi izan dira beren motibazioak ikus-entzunezkoak kontsumitzeko; amaitzeko, ikertu da euskarazko edukiek zein toki betetzen duten haien kontsumoan. Ohiko telebistaz haratago, Interneteko eta telefono mugikorretako ikus-entzunezkoak ere hartu dira kontuan. Ikerketa burutzeko, Arizmendi ikastolako 207 neraberen kontsumoa aztertu da, metodo kuantitatibo eta kualitatiboak baliatuta. Azterketa honek, nerabeen ikus-entzunezko kontsumoari buruzko informazioa eskaintzeaz gain, ikerketa-metodologia bat proposatzen du gaian sakondu gura duten etorkizuneko ikerketentzat. GAKO-HITZAK: Nerabeak · Ikus-entzunezko kontsumoa · Digitalizazioa · Leintz bailara. Teenager audiovisual consumption through Debagoiena in the era of digital convergenceThe object of this research is to analyze audiovisual consumption of adolescents (12-16 years old) of the Leintz valley. For a full understanding of this consumption, the following three questions have been examined: how adolescents consume audiovisual content? What motivates this consumption? Which part of the content consumed is in Basque? Audiovisual content from the Internet and mobile phones have also been elements considered in this study. Research has been conducted with 207 students from Secondary School, in the Arizmendi School. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used to obtain information about the audiovisual consumption of these students. The study proposes, as well, a research method for future studies that wish to further examine this topic.

Ikerketa honek gazteek ikus-entzunezko edukiekin daukaten harremana du aztergai, nola ohiko telebistan hala Interneten. Ikerlanaren helburua da jakitea ea audientziaren jarrera aldatzen den hedabidearen arabera. Artikuluak Mondragon Unibertsitateko 475 gazteren artean egindako inkesta baten emaitza esanguratsuenak azaltzen ditu. Faktore-analisi bat eta bi erregresio anizkoitz orokortu egin ondoren, ateratako ondorio nagusia da estatistikoki ezin dela lotu telebistaren kontsumoa audientziaren jarrera pasiboekin, ezta Internet bidez ikus-entzunezkoak kontsumitzea jarrera aktiboekin ere.Hitz gakoak: interakzioa, telebista, Internet, gazteak, audientzia, ikus-entzunezko edukiak.