The effect of different concentrations of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves̕ powder ,Calotropis procera (oshar) leaves̕ powder, oshar̕ leaves crude extract, Capsicum annum (Cayenne or spicy red pepper)fruits̕ powder and Piper nigrum (black pepper) fruits̕ powder as natural extracts and ferrous sulphate as chemical compound were evaluated as attractive toxic wheat bran baits against the glassy clover snail Monacha cartusiana under laboratory and field conditions at Sharkia Governorate, A.R. Egypt Results revealed that the tested materials exhibiting noticeable molluscicidal effects under both laboratory and field conditions. Mortality percentages increased with increasing concentration values and duration of exposure. Population reduction percentages revealed the same trend when the tested materials were applied 7 days post-treatment under field conditions. Ferrous sulphate was the most effective one followed by spicy red pepper, neem, black pepper, oshar fresh leaves̕ crude extracts and oshar leaves̕ powder extract where mortality percentage of effected snails were 100, 70, 50, 45, 45 and 10 respectively at highest concentration 7 days post-treatment. The parallel % population reduction values were 90, 70, 60, 50, 20 and 20 respectively.

The harmful and beneficial effects of the land snail Monacha sp. were studied in Sharkiah Governorate.Harmful effects were brightly observed in microbiological examination of gastropod and mucus in laboratory, and evaluating its damage on cabbage plant in laboratory and field. Microbial examination revealed that the gastropod was contaminated with (Klepcella) a harmful bacteria of man and animals and (Burkhelderia ceptacia) a non-useful bacteria in mucus. Few data were dealing with contamination of Monacha land snail in Egypt so, this study aims to highlight in this respect for taking into a sustainable infection when contact and thoroughly washing vegetables and fruits that are favorable food for Monacha land snails.Our results showed noticeable damage of cabbage leaves by Monacha snails in laboratory (26. 93%) and field (39. 23%) as a general mean value of cabbage consumption. Beneficial effects were revealed through biochemical analysis of both gastropod and shell components. Analysis revealed that Monacha sp.rich in protean (17.9%) and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. Calcium determined the highest (Ca, 13%), followed by phosphorus (Ph., 0.60%), magnesium (Mg, 0.12%) and potassium (K, 0.094%) so, the second aim of our study is the revealing of the economic feature of Monacha land snails as an addition to the fodder of farm animals and in traditional medicine.

About 470 bird species known from Egypt. The majority are non-breeding migrants, passing through the country, exploiting the wide range of habitat types unique for their life, including agricultural habitats. A survey of wild bird carried out in three agricultural districts, El-Badrasheen, El-Aayyat and El-Hawamdiah districts, in Giza Governorate, from March 2018 to February 2020, using the point transect method. Twenty-eight species belonging to nine orders and twenty-five families recorded. House sparrow (passer domesticus niloticus) and Hooded Crow (xuvroc suvurc suvroC) were the only recorded noxious species, damaging wheat and corn crops. House sparrow damage to wheat start after the first week of the panicles emergence causing 21.4 % and 19 % losses, with the highest loss rate of 5.7 and 6.1% during 1 st of April at El-Badrasheen and El-Aayyat districts, respectively. The damage percent were 16.3 and 14.5% to corn by hooded crow in both districts from the 1 st week of August up to the 2 nd week of September and the highest loss rate were 5.4 and 4.2% during the 4 th week of August in the two districts, respectively. It is advisable to apply damage control programs against house sparrow populations at the beginning of February in wheat fields, and against hooded crow populations at the beginning of June in corn fields in these areas.

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