The influence of adding Taro corms ( Colocasia esculenta L. ) on the physico-chemical, rheological, and organoleptic properties. Moreover, antioxidant compounds present in ice cream mixtures, and their resultant frozen products was studied. Taro corms , whether fresh or boiled, was added (partial substitute of ice cream mix), at a levels of 10, 20, and 30% , to the mixtures of the experimental treatments, after reducing their fat contents to 4%, and stabilizer/emulsifier mixture to 0.175 % , while the control treatment contained 8% fat, 15 % sugar, 12% MSNF% and 0.35% stabilizer/ emulsifier complex. Results indicated that, dry matter, fiber and pH values, were significantly increased in the mixtures of Taro corms as levels of addition increased. No significant differences were found in the contents of protein, fat, and carbohydrates among the Taro corms treatments. Data also showed significant differences between control treatment and the other Taro corms treatments in TS, fat and ash contents. Specific gravity , weight per gallon and freezing points of the mixes containing Taro corms , whether boiled or fresh , were found lower than the corresponding values of the control. Contrarily, viscosity as well as flow time of the Taro corms treatments were higher than that of the control. It could also be noticed an increase in the specific gravity and weight per gallon, and consequently in the overrun and melting resistances of the resultant low fat ice cream made by adding Taro corms. Control treatment characterized with higher values of overrun and melting resistance loss (%) than Taro corms treatments. On the other hand, control treatment had the lowest values of antioxidant compounds. All treatments were organoleptically accepted, and the ice cream with 20% boiled Taro corms characterized with slightly superior sensory properties, compared with the control, followed by 30% and 10% boiled Taro corms, in the same order. It could be recommended that the examined low fat ice cream with added 30% boiled Taro corms was of higher quality after reducing the fat content and stabilizer/emulsifier complex by half.

Stirred yogurt fortified with colostrum by using different proportions (10, 20 and 30%). Physical, chemical, microbiographic and sensory properties of product were studied. From the obtained results it was clear that there was an increase in coagulation time and protein content by the addition of colostrum during the manufacture of fortified milk and the highest recorded of T 3 (colostrum 30%) of the control. The chemical composition of the milk produced indicated increased fat, ash, TS, mineral contents; also there was an increase in viscosity, WHC and antioxidant activity by increasing the added colostrum. On the other hand, samples of the fortified milk revealed a decrease in the rate of mating compared to the control either fresh or during the storage periods. Tissue properties (TPA) are improved by increasing the amount of colostrum added. There was improvement in nutritional and sensory properties by adding colostrum.

Probiotic whey-based custard apple beverages (P.C.A.B.) were prepared with different combinations of whey and custard apple pulp juice , PJ (75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 , weight :weight) and inoculated with1% probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei. Beverages were evaluated for physic-chemical, microbiological and sensory properties, during cold storage. Total solids and the apparent viscosity were increased in (P.C.A.B.) treatments as the level of P.J. increased, whereas values of titratable acidity (T.A) were decreased, compared to control treatment. The pH values of all treatments behaved reverse trend to T.A, through the storage period.Total antioxidant compounds, vitamins A & C and minerals were found higher in fresh beverage contained 25% P.J. than control one. The rate of increase (%) in the antioxidants, vitamins A & C were 9.09, 135.30, and 173.30, respectively. Minerals were increased also in (P.C.A.B.) but in a variable ratios. Counts of probiotic lactobacilli were gradually decreased as the storage period increased and as the level of P.J. increased. The probiotic strain was still viable, in all treatments, with counts more than 10 6 cfu/ml , while coliform group & spore-forming bacteria were absent in all treatments, during storage. Control treatment was less acceptable, at the 21 days of storage as a result of growing yeast & molds with counts reached to 30×10 2 cfu/ml.The beverage prepared from 75% whey : 25% P.J. was found superior organolepticaly than the other ones, along the storage period. It has clean acid flavor and long keeping quality up to 40 days of storage .

Ice cream is made using different proportions of colostrum. The physical chemical activity, rheology, antioxidant scavenging and organoleptic properties of colostrum-fortified ice cream were studied. From the results obtained, it was found that there was an increase in the content of protein, carbohydrates and antioxidants by adding colostrum during the manufacture of ice cream and the T 3 score was higher (30% colostrum) than control. The chemical composition of the produced ice cream indicates excess fat, ash, TS and mineral contents; there was also an increase in the viscosity and antioxidant activity by increasing the added colostrum. On the other hand, all types of ice cream showed a decrease in mating rate. Tissue properties (TPA) are improved by increasing the amount of added colostrum. Conclusively, there was improvement in nutritional and sensory properties by adding colostrum.

Functional yoghurt drinks ( Y.D ) were prepared as follows : treatment A ( Y.D. + 3% oat + 6% sucrose ) , treatment B ( Y.D. + 3% oat +0.25 % stevia ) , treatment C ( Y.D. + 6% sucrose , control ) .All drinks were stored at 5 ± 1 °C for 15 days and analyzed for chemical , microbiological , rheological , and sensory properties . Total energy , total solids ( T.S ) , fat , total protein , carbohydrate and ash contents were found highest in treatment A , during storage period .Treatment A recorded the highest values of viscosity and the lowest rate of whey separation . Total dietary fibers was found higher in fresh treatment B . Seven essential amino acids ( EAA) and ten Non-essential amino acids ( NEAA ) were detected in all fresh Y.D samples . Valine amino acid was the predominant amino acid in EAA and Glutamic acid was the corresponding one in NEAA. Sulfur amino acids ( Methionine & cysteine ) were also detected in all treatments. The ratio between EAA : NEAA was found highest in Y.D A , followed by B and C , in order . Counts of lactic acid bacteria in yoghurt drinks fortified with oat were found the highest . Yeasts & Molds were appeared in low counts in all treatments at the day 15 of storage . Therefore , low calorie functional Y.D. sweetened with stevia and fortified with oat powder may be produced successfully