PURPOSE Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma is an incurable disease with limited treatment options, especially for patients who were previously treated with platinum and anti–programmed death 1 or anti–programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/L1) therapy. Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody–drug conjugate that targets Nectin-4, which is highly expressed in urothelial carcinoma. METHODS EV-201 is a global, phase II, single-arm study of enfortumab vedotin 1.25 mg/kg (intravenously on days 1, 8, and 15 of every 28-day cycle) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who were previously treated with platinum chemotherapy and anti–PD-1/L1 therapy. The primary end point was objective response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 by blinded independent central review. Key secondary end points were duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, and tolerability. RESULTS Enfortumab vedotin was administered to 125 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Median follow-up was 10.2 months (range, 0.5 to 16.5 months). Confirmed objective response rate was 44% (95% CI, 35.1% to 53.2%), including 12% complete responses. Similar responses were observed in prespecified subgroups, such as those patients with liver metastases and those with no response to prior anti–PD-1/L1 therapy. Median duration of response was 7.6 months (range, 0.95 to 11.30+ months). The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (50%), any peripheral neuropathy (50%), alopecia (49%), any rash (48%), decreased appetite (44%), and dysgeusia (40%). No single treatment-related adverse events grade 3 or greater occurred in 10% or more of patients. CONCLUSION Enfortumab vedotin demonstrated a clinically meaningful response rate with a manageable and tolerable safety profile in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who were previously treated with platinum and anti–PD-1/L1 therapies.

A B S T R A C T PurposeTo examine the association between beta-blocker (BB) intake, pathologic complete response (pCR) rates, and survival outcomes in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 1,413 patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1995 and 2007. Patients taking BBs at the start of neoadjuvant therapy were compared with patients with no BB intake. Rates of pCR between the groups were compared using a 2 test. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to determine the association between BB intake, relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS). ResultsPatients who used BBs (n ϭ 102) were compared with patients (n ϭ 1,311) who did not. Patients receiving BBs tended to be older and obese (P Ͻ .001). The proportion of pCR was not significantly different between the groups (P ϭ .48). After adjustment for age, race, stage, grade, receptor status, lymphovascular invasion, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, BB intake was associated with a significantly better RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.88) but not OS (P ϭ .09). Among patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; n ϭ 377), BB intake was associated with improved RFS (HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.87; P ϭ .027) but not OS (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12 to 1.00; P ϭ .05). ConclusionIn this study, BB intake was associated with improved RFS in all patients with breast cancer and in patients with TNBC. Additional studies evaluating the potential benefits of beta-adrenergic blockade on breast cancer recurrence with a focus on TNBC are warranted.

PURPOSE To assess the safety/tolerability and antitumor activity of enfortumab vedotin (EV), a novel investigational antibody-drug conjugate that delivers the microtubule-disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E, to cells that express Nectin-4. METHODS EV-101 is a phase I dose escalation/expansion study that enrolled patients with Nectin-4–expressing solid tumors (eg, metastatic urothelial carcinoma [mUC]) who progressed on ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy regimen and/or programmed death-1 receptor/programmed death ligand-1 [PD-(L)1] inhibitor, including a cohort of patients with mUC who received prior anti–PD-(L)1 therapy. Patients received escalating doses of EV up to 1.25 mg/kg on days 1, 8, and 15 of every 28-day cycle. Primary objectives were evaluation of safety/tolerability and pharmacokinetics; antitumor activity was a secondary objective. RESULTS Enrolled patients with mUC (n = 155) were heavily pretreated, with 96% having prior platinum-based chemotherapy and 29% receiving ≥ 3 lines of prior treatment. Maximum tolerated dose of EV was not established; however, the recommended phase II dose was identified as 1.25 mg/kg. Rash, peripheral neuropathy, fatigue, alopecia, and nausea were the most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs); the most common TRAEs were grade 1-2 in severity. Among the 112 patients with mUC treated with single-agent EV 1.25 mg/kg, the investigator-assessed confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was 43%, and duration of response was 7.4 months. Median overall survival (OS) was 12.3 months, and the OS rate at 1 year was 51.8%. Similar ORR and estimated median OS were observed in patients ≥ 75 years of age with and without prior anti–PD-(L)1 treatment, liver metastases, or upper-tract disease. CONCLUSION Single-agent EV was generally well tolerated and provided clinically meaningful and durable responses in patients with mUC; survival data are encouraging. A pivotal phase II and a confirmatory phase III study are ongoing.

Background Germline TP53 mutations predispose to early onset breast cancer (BC) in women and are associated with the Li Fraumeni syndrome. Published data on the pathological characteristics of breast cancer among women with TP53 mutations is limited. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of women who had genetic testing for suspected germline TP53 mutations and who were diagnosed with BC between 2000 to 2011. The pathological characteristics of the breast tumors from women testing positive (cases) for a mutation were compared to those testing negative (controls). Results Patients who tested positive for germline TP53 mutations (N=30) were compared to (N=79) controls. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification and/or overexpression was found in 67% of the tumors from the cases, compared to 25% for the controls (p=0.0001). Among patients with a mutation, 70% had estrogen receptor and/or progesterone receptor positive tumors, compared to 68% in the control group (p= 0.87). After adjusting for age at BC diagnosis, having a HER2 positive tumor increased the odds of testing positive for a germline TP53 mutation (OR, 6.9, 95% CI, 2.6 to 18.2). For each yearly increments in age at BC diagnosis, there was decreased likelihood of having a TP53 mutation by 5% (OR=0.95, CI 0.91 to 0.99). Conclusion This study suggests an association between germline TP53 mutations and early onset HER2 positive breast cancer. If confirmed in a larger cohort, these results could guide genetic testing strategies, lead to chemoprevention trials incorporating HER2 targeted therapies, and elucidate some of the molecular pathways involved in breast cancer.