The authors report a rare case involving neurofibromatosis associated with bilateral vertebral arteriovenous fistulas and atlantoaxial dislocation. Multiple neurofibromas in the craniocervical junc tion appeared to be the cause of the atlantoaxial dislocation in this patient, and the dislocation might have contributed to the formation of the bilateral vertebral arteriovenous fistulas. The fistulas were suc cessfully treated by a combination of balloon embolization and surgery followed by occipitocervical fu sion.

We report two cases of malignant scalp tumor in young individuals. A 9-year-old girl with recurrent oc cipital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans underwent radical resection of the tumor. The extent of the tumor was determined by means of serial frozen sections, and the scalp defect was immediately reconstructed by moving of the skin flaps. In the second case, a 24-year-old male developed squamous cell carcinoma from a long-standing scar in the right retroauricular region. The lesion was radically removed, along with the underlying bone. Descriptions of these two cases and a review of the literature are presented.