Bisexual women had greater odds of using alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana than heterosexual women and lesbians. They also had greater odds of using all illicit drugs (except steroids) and misusing prescription drugs than heterosexual women and greater odds of using amphetamines other than meth, sedatives, and ecstasy when compared to lesbians. Lesbians had greater odds of using tobacco, marijuana, sedatives, hallucinogens, other illegal drugs and misusing prescription drugs than heterosexual women. Conclusions/Importance: The study confirms increased ATOD use among sexual minority women as compared to their heterosexual counterparts with bisexual women having the highest use. This is the first study to examine misuse of prescription drugs among a large number of lesbian and bisexual college women, and contributes to the scant literature addressing college women's ATOD use by sexual orientation.

Aims and MethodAnecdotal evidence suggests that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is underdiagnosed in adults and people of all ages with learning disability. This study examines the clinical practice of Irish consultant psychiatrists when assessing and treating symptoms of ADHD in children and adults with and without a learning disability. A postal questionnaire was sent to 302 consultant psychiatrists working in Ireland.ResultsNinety-seven consultants (32%) responded, 62 working in general adult psychiatry, 23 in child and adolescent psychiatry and 12 in learning disability. Overall, respondents were more confident about making a diagnosis of ADHD in people without a learning disability. Those working with children were significantly more confident in diagnosing and treating ADHD than those working with adults, irrespective of whether the patient had a learning disability.Clinical ImplicationsThere is general agreement that symptoms of ADHD exist in children and adults both with and without a learning disability. It is likely that ADHD may be undertreated in patients with learning disability, especially in the adult population.