Estuaries are areas of recognized importance in the development and sanctuaries of fishes and also a great source of fishing resources. This article presents an inventory of fishes from the Paraguaçu River estuary, Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil. 28 points comprising the saline sections that may exist in a tropical estuary were sampled quarterly from March 2009 to February 2010 with the aid of bottom gill nets, surface gill nets, seine net and casting net. A total of 4.097 individuals were captured, belonging to 7 species of Chondrichthyes and 117 species of Actinopterygii (83 genera and 49 families). Most of the geographical extent of the estuary was sampled by assessing large spatial variability in fish assemblage structure. The curve of species accumulation (rarefaction) had stabilization with ½ of the samples. The general structure of the assemblage is described and commented trough evidences for a new spatial organization of the fish fauna due to dam effects upstream the estuary. Resumo: Estuários são áreas de reconhecida importância no desenvolvimento e refúgio dos peixes e também grande fonte de recursos pesqueiros. Este artigo apresenta um inventário dos peixes do estuário do Rio Paraguaçu, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil. 28 pontos constituindo as três seções salinas que pode haver em um estuário tropical foram amostradas trimestralmente de março de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010 com auxílio de redes de espera de fundo, de superfície, redes de arrasto manual e tarrafas. Um total de 4.097 indivíduos foram capturados, pertencendo a 7 espécies de Chondrichthyes e 117 espécies de Actinopterygii (83 gêneros e 49 famílias). A maioria da extensão territorial do estuário foi amostrada para acessar maior variabilidade espacial na estrutura da assembléia de peixes. A curva de acumulação de espécies (rarefação) apresentou estabilização com ½ das amostras. A estrutura geral da assembléia é descrita e comentada através de evidências para uma nova organização espacial da fauna de peixes devido a efeitos de barragem a montante do estuário. Palavras-Chaves: inventário, peixes estuarinos, distribuição espacial, efeitos a montante, nordeste brasileiro. Biota Neotrop., vol. 10, no. 4 Keywords: inventory, estuarine fishes, spatial distribution, effects upstream, brazilian northeast. REIS-FILHO Material and MethodsFishes were collected at 28 points within the Paraguaçu River estuary with quarterly samples between March 2009 and February 2010 (Figure 1). Several types of collectors were used: for marginal environments and with depths up to 3 m, trawl manual (12 m × 2 m with 12 mm mesh), gillnets (100 m × 3 m with 15 mm mesh) and flue (casting net ) (10 mm mesh). For environments with depth between 4 and 20 m, bottom gill nets (300 m × 3 m with 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm and 60 mm mesh) and surface gill nets (200 m × 4 m with 15 mm mesh) were used. In order to evaluate the ichthyofauna distribution in the estuary, this one was segmented into three sections (lower, middle and upper).
We have analyzed the proteinase profile of two Herpetomonas species, H. anglusteri and H. roitmani (a symbiont-bearing trypanosomatid), by in situ detection of enzyme activities on SDS-PAGE gels containing copolymerized gelatin as substrate. Two major cell-associated proteolytic activities, a 60 kDa zinc-metalloproteinase and a 45 kDa cysteine proteinase could be detected based on the inhibition of their activities by 1, 10-phenathroline and E-64, respectively. The trypanosomatids released into the growth medium distinct proteinases. H. anglusteri expressed three digestion haloes in the gels of approximately 60, 50, and 40 kDa, whereas H. roitmani secreted only a 60 kDa enzyme. However, these activities were inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, suggesting that all of them are zinc-metalloproteinase.
ResumoA logística reversa tem crescido em importância na cadeia de abastecimento. Como contribuição científica inovadora, apresenta-se, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica do processo de gestão da cadeia logística reversa, um procedimento estruturado para gestão da cadeia logística reversa de bens de pós venda. Adicionalmente é feita uma comparação com as estruturas das cadeias logísticas diretas, verificando-se a similaridade em termos de operações de transportes, gestão de estoque e gestão da informação, o que permite sua aplicação no estudo de caso. Este trabalho tem como objetivo sugerir um procedimento para estruturar a cadeia de logística reversa, que é baseado em Gestão de Processos e considera três níveis básicos: Gestão de entrada do produto, Gestão de Recursos e Gestão do Desempenho na Cadeia Logística Reversa. Uma revisão bibliográfica e documental foi realizada, além de uma pesquisa de campo com um grupo de três lojas de departamento. Os dados coletados dessas empresas através de questionários e entrevistas mostram que a aplicação do procedimento sugere que uma melhor estruturação da gestão em logística reversa de pós-venda no mercado de varejo pode melhorar os resultados financeiros nas empresas, contribuindo para reduzir os retornos de produtos e, conseqüentemente, seus custos , melhorar a eficiência no estoque e gerenciamento de armazenamento, melhorar o uso de recursos, aumentar a receita e promover benefícios sociais, como por exemplo a doação dos produtos que foram usados e foram devolvidos para a caridade. Post-sale reverse logistics has grown in importance in the supply chain. As a contribution to scientific innovation, we present a structured procedure for reverse supply chain management of goods after sale. In addition, a comparison is made between the structures of direct supply chains by checking the similarity in terms of transport operations, inventory management and information management, which allows its application in the case study. This paper aims to suggest a procedure to structure the reverse logistics chain which is based on Process Management and consider three basic levels: Product Entry Management, Resource Management and Performance Management in the Reverse Logistics Chain. A bibliographical and documentary review was conducted in addition to a field research with a group of three department stores. The data collected from the companies using questionnaires and interview shows that the application of the procedure suggests that a better structuring of management in post-sales reverse logistics in the retail market can improve financial results in companies by contributing to reduce product returns and consequently its costs, improve efficiency in inventory and storage management, improve assets usage, increase revenue and promote social benefits such as donation of the products which was used and had been returned for charity.
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