Children undergoing PEG placement have a long-term high risk of morbidity related to enteral tubes. Major complications can occur many years after PEG placement. Larger prospective studies may be useful to assess risk factors for PEG-related complications in pediatrics.

The results of our study suggest good agreement between endoscopic and histological findings, especially when an endoscopist reports normal-appearing colonic mucosa. We identified predictors of abnormal histology to include known inflammatory bowel disease, whereas abdominal pain was found to be a negative predictor. Future studies are needed to determine evidence-based protocols for obtaining biopsies during colonoscopy in children.

BackgroundEmergency medicine (EM) clinician well-being has been negatively impacted throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Resident physicians are particularly vulnerable yet less is known about their perspectives.MethodsThe objective of this study was to use qualitative methods to understand EM residents’ perspectives on well-being during COVID-19. EM residents at an urban, academic institution in the USA were recruited via email and participated in virtual, semi-structured interviews between November 2020 and February 2021. Interviews were conducted by a trained qualitative researcher, recorded, transcribed and de-identified by a third party vendor. All transcripts were double coded by two trained study team members using thematic analysis to identify the themes and interviews were stopped when no new themes emerged.ResultsSeventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was reached with residents in their first 4 years of training: 6 postgraduate year (PGY)-1 (35%), 6 PGY-2 (35%), 2 PGY-3 (12%) and 3 PGY-4 (18%). Five themes were identified: (1) isolation from peers in training contrasting with a collective call to action, (2) desire for increased acknowledgement and structured leadership support, (3) concerns about personal needs and safety within the clinical environment, (4) fear of missed educational opportunities and lack of professional development and (5) need for enhanced mental and physical health resources.ConclusionsThis qualitative study elucidated factors inside and outside of the clinical environment which impacted EM resident well-being. The findings suggest that programme and health system leadership can focus on supporting peer-to-peer and faculty connections, structured guidance and mentorship on resident career development and develop programmes which bolster resident on-shift support and acknowledgement. These lessons can be used by training programmes to better support residents, but the generalisability is limited due to the single-centre design and participation.

Background Healthcare‐associated burnout is linked to reduced quality of care, decreased patient experience, and higher cost. The National Academy of Medicine has emphasized the importance of supporting clinician well‐being across healthcare; however, well‐being is poorly defined, especially early in emergency medicine training. Objectives The primary objective of this study was to explore and understand the attitudes, beliefs, and perspectives of emergency medicine (EM) resident physicians surrounding well‐being. A secondary objective was to identify priority areas of focus to promote a culture of well‐being for EM trainees. Approach We conducted semi‐structured focus groups of EM resident physicians at an urban, academic institution with a 4‐year training curriculum. Focus group interviews were transcribed and constructivist aggregated themes were identified using content analysis with a constant comparative coding approach. Results Seventeen EM residents participated in semi‐structured qualitative focus groups (PGY1 = 6, PGY2 = 6, PGY3 = 2, PGY4 = 3). Six key themes related to well‐being emerged spanning clinical and nonclinical areas: (1) a focus on basic needs being met, (2) on‐shift operational structure, (3) individual feedback, (4) feeling valued for clinical contributions, (5) a sense of community within the clinical environment, and (6) a sense of personal ownership over time. Conclusions Shifting the focus for medical trainees away from mitigating burnout and toward proactively promoting well‐being is important. Understanding the perspectives and key themes in how EM residents define well‐being can help support trainees early in their careers. Using qualitative methods, this study identified six key themes that can guide trainees, educational leaders, and academic hospital systems as they work toward building a culture of well‐being early in graduate medical education.