Bats are important keystone species which provide ecosystem services by consuming a variety of insects and agricultural pests. Many native bat species are currently threatened with either habitat loss or emerging infectious diseases, including White Nose Syndrome. Therefore, there is a need to develop survey approaches which increase accessibility to citizen scientists and researchers alike to monitor populations, such as with emerging, affordable smartphone enabled technologies. We assessed the efficacy of a smartphone enabled handheld bat detector (Wildlife Acoustics Echo Meter Touch 2) to record and identify echolocation calls of common bat species on a seminatural area of Wingate Campus, a small university in the Charlotte metropolitan area, North Carolina. We further utilized smartphone technology to record seasonal internal temperature and luminosity fluctuations within deployed bat boxes using HOBO thermo-loggers. Lastly, we used a smartphone enabled WIFI endoscope inspection camera to periodically check occupancy of bat boxes. We identified five species of bats, from 55 recordings during Spring and Fall of 2018 (4/2/2018 to 10/28/2018), including the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis), silver haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), and northern yellow bat (Lasiurus intermedius) at our study site. Temperature and luminosity of bat boxes varied depending on location (full or partial sun), while the endoscope allowed for non-invasive monitoring of bat boxes, of which none were found to be occupied. The purpose of this study is to use smartphone enabled technology as a non-invasive surveying tool for identification and monitoring of bats.
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