OME OVER-THE-COUNTER TREATments are marketed as having the ability to improve memory, attention, and related cognitive functions. These claims are generally not supported by well-controlled clinical studies. Ginkoba claims to "enhance mental focus and improve memory and concentration." 1 Several published studies reported beneficial effects of ginkgo on cognition. These studies, however, either report cognitive improvement in only 1 of many memory tests administered 2,3 or report cognitive enhancement in cognitively impaired clinical populations such as patients with cerebrovascular or Alzheimer disease. 4,5 In contrast, advertising claims imply that the compound is broadly beneficial to those both with and without clinically significant cognitive impairments. Specific advertising claims cite more than 50 clinical trials that demonstrate benefit centered around concentration and memory. These studies were conducted for periods ranging from 14 days to 2 months. The manufacturer claims benefit with "at least 4 weeks of uninterrupted use." 6 The purpose of the present study was to evaluate ginkgo in healthy elderly volunteers in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using standardized tests of memory, learning, attention and concentration, and expressive language as well as subjective ratings by participants and family. METHODS Participants Following approval by the Williams College institutional review board, participants were recruited from newspaper advertisements that solicited individuals who would participate in a study designed to improve memory. An initial telephone interview was conducted to determine if the participant was likely to meet entry criteria for the study. Those who passed the screen provided informed consent and a medical history including current medications, neurologic or psychiatric

The authors report the first large series of thin-profile platinum eyelid weight implantations for the treatment of lagophthalmos. This implant significantly reduces both capsule formation phenomena and extrusion compared with gold weights and should be considered as alternative to the more conventional gold implants.