Compassion satisfaction (CS) among healthcare professionals is a sense of gratification derived from caring for their suffering patients. In contrast, compassion fatigue, often a consequence of burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress (STS), is detrimental to healthcare professionals' productivity and patient care. While several studies have examined CS, BO, and STS among healthcare professionals, the majority have assessed samples in specific disciplines. However, the comparative differences in these factors by discipline or work setting are not well known. The aims of this study were to examine the differences in CS, BO, and STS by discipline and work setting, and to assess demographic, work-related, and behavioural factors associated with these outcomes. An electronic survey was administered (N = 764) at a large academic medical centre in the southeast United States. Questions elicited demographic variables, workrelated factors, behavioural/lifestyle factors, experience with workplace violence, and the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Findings of the study determined that the rates of CS, BO, and STS vary across healthcare disciplines and work settings. Demographic, work-related, behavioural, and work setting (i.e., experience of workplace violence) factors were differentially associated with experiences of CS, BO, and STS. The results of the study suggest two potential areas for research, specifically workplace violence and sleep quality as a means of further understanding reduced CS and increased BO and STS among healthcare workers. These findings have important implications for future research and policy interventions to enhance healthcare workers' health and safety.

Aims Among nursing professionals, our aims were to examine (a) self‐reported traumatic experiences, (b) differences in post‐traumatic growth (i.e. positive psychological growth after experiencing a traumatic event) by nursing professional level and (c) demographic, work‐related, behavioural and traumatic experience covariates of post‐traumatic growth. Background Trauma experience among nursing professionals is higher than observed in the general population. Due to the nature of their work environment, workplace trauma rates are particularly alarming. Understanding post‐traumatic growth among nursing professionals may guide interventions to enhance well‐being. Method A secondary analysis of cross‐sectional survey data from nursing professionals (N = 299). Demographic, work‐related, behavioural, trauma experience categories and post‐traumatic growth variables were examined. Results Advanced practice nurses and clinical nurses reported higher rates of workplace trauma, as compared to nursing assistants. Higher post‐traumatic growth scores were associated with having a postgraduate degree, serving the paediatric population and lower frequency of alcohol use. Lower post‐traumatic growth scores were associated with being married/widowed, being an advanced practice provider or clinical nurse, working in the intensive care unit and reporting workplace, family/personal stress and undisclosed trauma. Conclusions Nursing professionals have several demographic, work‐related, behavioural and traumatic experience‐related variables associated with and that explain variances in post‐traumatic growth. Implication for Nursing Management Targeted screening and individualized treatment based on nursing professional level should be considered to support trauma recovery and post‐traumatic growth.

Background Burnout is a psychological syndrome resulting from repeated stressors experienced in the workplace that centers on emotional exhaustion, detachment from the job, and a sense of ineffectiveness. It has been previously demonstrated that burnout exists in the health care workforce, but there has been limited investigation of burnout in nurses who primarily provide care for patients who have been traumatically injured. The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with burnout reported by trauma nurses. Methods This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey distributed at a large, academic Level I trauma center that serves both adult and pediatric patients. For this analysis, only the Burnout subscale of the Professional Quality of Life scale Version 5 (ProQOL) was used. Multivariate hierarchical regression was used to determine factors associated with burnout reported by trauma nurses. Results Protective factors included being female, being married, and better quality of sleep. Risk factors included having a mental health diagnosis and working with adult populations. Conclusions These results provide an important contribution to the burnout risk profile for trauma nurses and may provide insight into future investigations as well as development and testing of tailored interventions to mitigate burnout in trauma nurses.