Background How is emotion disrupted in bipolar disorder? Two studies are presented that adopt a multi-method approach to investigate emotion reactivity and emotion recovery in bipolar I disorder. Methods Across both studies, individuals with inter-episode bipolar disorder and healthy controls were shown three emotion-eliciting films (neutral, happy, and sad) and experiential and physiological responses were measured. In Study 1, bipolar (BD; n = 23) and non-clinical control (NC; n = 24) participants' emotional reactivity during film clips was assessed. In Study 2, a separate sample of BD (n = 23) and NC (n = 25) participants' emotion recovery was assessed after the film clips were assessed. Results Results indicated that the BD group exhibited increased self-reported positive emotion and respiratory sinus arrhythmia across all films compared to the NC group. There were no group differences in emotion recovery. Discussion Taken together, these results suggest that bipolar disorder is associated with increased positive emotion reactivity, but not emotion recovery, across contexts.

MCIDs validated in this study allow better interpretation of changes in MFI sub-scale scores and allow effect size calculations for determining sample size in future studies.

The CAN-FIT programme did not significantly improve the primary outcome, level of fatigue, regardless of when it was delivered, however, significant changes were observed in activity-based outcomes. Further investigations into educationally based programmes should target activity participation rather than changes in underlying fatigue to improve overall patient health.

The tape measurement system and MMD show potential as objective measurements of head and neck lymphedema with the exception of 1 tape measurement point.