Purpose To report optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in order to detect subclinical alterations of the afferent visual pathways in spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA-3). Patients and methods Nine genetically confirmed patients (18 eyes) were evaluated with a complete ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity, colour vision, visual field test, and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and macular thickness with OCT Cirrus HD. A neurological examination was performed and the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA score) was determined in all patients. Results The mean RNFL thickness was 77.39 microns, standard deviation (SD) was ± 5.93. In 15 eyes (83.33%), the mean RNFL thickness was lower than the population average considering age and sex. In 10 cases, there was a reduction of the RNFL thickness in the superior sector, eight in the inferior and four in the nasal. Temporal sector RNFL thickness was preserved in all eyes. RNFL thickness was inversely correlated to SARA score (r ¼ À 0.64, P ¼ 0.012). The mean macular thickness was 252.61 microns, SD±22.80, being inferior respecting average population in only two eyes (11.11%). In four patients, (eight eyes) OCT studies were performed during a mean follow-up of 14.25 months, and in five eyes (62.50%) there was a mild trend to a RNFL thickness decrease in this period. Conclusion A mild and progressive decrease in RNFL thickness can be observed in SCA-3 patients. A negative correlation exists between an anatomic marker (RNFL thickness) and a clinical severity scale (SARA score); thus, RNFL thickness could be considered as a promising biomarker of the disease.

The major predisposing factor for late in-the-bag IOL dislocation is myopia. Despite a complication rate of 43%, mostly minor and transient, IOL exchange surgery is an effective procedure with a good visual outcome (mean 3 Snellen lines improvement). There were no statistically significant differences in the final best-corrected visual acuity or complication rate between anterior chamber IOL and sutured posterior chamber IOL, thus, both surgical techniques may be considered to treat this condition.

In this small case series of eyes with limited follow-up, treatment with dexamethasone intravitreal implant injection for uveitic macular edema in vitrectomized eyes was associated with favorable visual outcomes and had an acceptable safety profile.

Purpose: To describe the spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic characteristics, natural course and surgical management for eyes with myopic foveoschisis. Methods: The medical records of 39 consecutive patients (56 eyes) with myopic foveoschisis were retrospectively reviewed. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and Brilliant Blue G staining was performed on 16 symptomatic eyes (14 patients). Results: Optical coherence tomography at baseline showed an isolated foveoschisis in 62.5%, foveal detachment in 21.4%, and a lamellar hole in 16.1% of the eyes. After a mean follow-up period of 15.7 months, 1.8% of the eyes developed a full-thickness macular hole and 28.5% of the eyes required surgery. The mean preoperative visual acuity (VA) was 20/63 and the mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was 507.6 µm. The mean postoperative VA was 20/40 and the mean CRT 282.9 µm. Anatomical success was achieved in 75% of the eyes at a mean of 3.3 months after surgery, and 81.2% of the eyes had an improvement of 2 lines of VA. Conclusion: Myopic foveoschisis remained stable in most eyes; however, 28.5% of the eyes had decreases in VA secondary to progression of the foveoschisis and required surgery.

PurposeTo ascertain the anatomic factors that help achieve non-surgical sealing in full thickness macular hole (FTMH).MethodsRetrospective collaborative study of FTMH that closed without surgical intervention.ResultsA total of 78 patients (mean age 57.9 years) included 18 patients with blunt ocular trauma, 18 patients that received topical or intravitreal therapies and 42 patients with idiopathic FTMH. Mean±SD of the initial corrected visual acuity (VA) in logMAR improved from 0.65±0.54 to 0.34±0.45 (p<0.001) at a mean follow-up of 33.8±37.1 months. FTMH reopened in seven eyes (9.0%) after a mean of 8.6 months. Vitreomacular traction was noted in 12 eyes (15.8%), perifoveal posterior vitreous detachment in 42 (53.8%), foveal epiretinal membrane in 10 (12.8%), cystoid macular oedema (CME) in 49 (62.8%) and subretinal fluid (SRF) in 20 (25.6%). By multivariate analysis, initial VA correlated to the height (p<0.001) and narrowest diameter of the hole (p<0.001) while final VA correlated to the basal diameter (p<0.001). Time for closure of FTMH (median 2.8 months) correlated to the narrowest diameter (p<0.001) and the presence of SRF (p=0.001). Mean time for closure (in months) was 1.6 for eyes with trauma, 4.3 for eyes without trauma but with therapy for CME, 4.4 for eyes without trauma and without therapy in less than 200 µm in size and 24.7 for more than 200 µm.ConclusionOur data suggest an observation period in new onset FTMH for non-surgical closure, in the setting of trauma, treatment of CME and size <200 µm.