The objective of this research was to evaluate the response of Portland cement associated with different radio pacifying agents on pulp treatment of human primary teeth by clinical and radiographic exams and microscopic analysis. Thirty mandibular primary molars were randomly divided into the following groups: Group I - Portland cement; Group II - Portland cement with iodoform (Portland cement + CHI3 ); Group III - Portland cement with zirconium oxide (Portland cement + ZrO2 ); and treated by pulpotomy technique (removal of a portion of the pulp aiming to maintain the vitally of the remaining radicular pulp tissue using a therapeutic dressing). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were recorded at 6, 12 and 24 months follow-up. The teeth at the regular exfoliation period were extracted and processed for histological analysis. Data were tested using statistical analysis with a significance level of 5%. The microscopic findings were descriptively analysed. All treated teeth were clinically and radiographically successful at follow-up appointments. The microscopic analysis revealed positive response to pulp repair with hard tissue barrier formation and pulp calcification in the remaining roots of all available teeth. The findings of this study suggest that primary teeth pulp tissue exhibited satisfactory biological response to Portland cement associated with radio pacifying agents. However, further studies with long-term follow-up are needed to determine the safe clinical indication of this alternative material for pulp therapy of primary teeth.

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This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the effects of single or multiple photobiomodulation (PBM) applications on the viability and proliferation of pulp fibroblasts. Pulp fibroblasts from human deciduous teeth were obtained from a biorepository, plated into 96-well plates, and irradiated according to the experimental groups. At 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after irradiation, cell viability and proliferation were assessed through MTT and Crystal Violet assays, respectively. The intragroup comparison revealed statistically significant differences for 2.5 J cm −2 (3×) with increasing viability at 72 h over 48 h (p = 0.027). The intergroup analysis showed a greater viability of the multiple PBM applications 2.5 J cm −2 (3×) over the single application 7.5 J cm −2 (1×) at 72 h. The application of 5 J cm −2 (1×) exhibited greater proliferation than the application of 7.5 J cm −2 (1×), 2.5 J cm −2 (2×) and 2.5 J cm −2 (3×). Single or multiple PBM applications demonstration different stimulatory effects on pulp fibroblast. The results show that the group submitted to multiple irradiation presented significantly higher cell viability than the groups with single irradiation at 72 h. However, the photobiomodulation therapy with single irradiations was more effective on cell proliferation at 24 h.

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) image reconstruction can be approached as an optimization problem, intending to minimize the Euclidean distance between the potential values measured in the cross section of the body and the calculated values, for every pattern of current applied, through modelling the problem by the Finite Elements Method (FEM). This formulation is known to be ill-posed, which increases dependence of the EIT on the reconstruction algorithm, which must have a regularization technique to improve the conditioning of the problem. Therefore, this project proposes the use of a Multi-Objective Optimization algorithm in order to find the set of optimal solutions to the problem, aiming to minimize both the Euclidean distance and a regularization parameter.

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