PurposeBear maul injuries are the most common wild animal inflicted injuries in India. More than 300 bear maul injuries report to our hospital per year.MethodsTwenty-one consecutive patients over a period of 1 year reported to our department for orthopaedic management of bear maul injuries. All the patients were referred either from peripheral hospitals or from other surgical departments of our hospital.ResultsAll the patients had facial/scalp injuries of variable severity. In all the patients the severity of limb and facial trauma was inversely proportional to each other. Pattern of upper limb trauma in most of the patients was similar. Fifteen patients had either fractures of distal humerus or mid shaft/proximal forearm bone fracture. Two had distal forearm bone fracture, 2 had carpal/metacarpal fractures and 1 had clavicle fracture. Only 1 had lower limb fracture. Thirteen out of 21 patients had associated neurovascular injury of the involved limb. The characteristic feature was extensive soft tissue involvement of the affected limb.ConclusionUpper limb injuries in bear maul patients usually have similar pattern. The severity of upper limb and facial/scalp trauma is inversely proportional to each other. Multistage orthopaedic surgeries are needed for such complex limb injuries.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Pellet gun used by law enforcement agencies have the potential to cause grevious or life threatening injuries as metallic projectiles fired at high speeds from pellet gun have potential to damage strongest structure like bone.</span>The objective of the study was t<span lang="EN-IN">o evaluate musculoskeletal pellet gun injuries in patients.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This study was conducted over two years involving 88 patients</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A significant number of patients had grevious musculoskeletal pellet gun injuries. 50 patients had superficial injuries, 11 patients had fractures, 5 had nerve injuries, 7 had tendon injuries and 15 had intra-articular pellets. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Pellet guns can cause grevious musculoskeletal injuries which can leave the victim with lifelong disability.</span></p>

Background: Human wild life conflict is increasing at an alarming rate.  The topography of Kashmir valley, India makes the people at risk of wild life injuries all the time. We have been seeing increasing number of victims of wild life injuries during harvesting season for many years with maximum number of injuries due to bear maul. Objective was to see the incidence and pattern of injuries due to human wild life conflict besides surgical challenges and outcome of such injuriesMethods: This was a retrospective study of 10 years duration done between 2005 to 2016. Data was collected from hospital records and records of wild life conservation department.Results: Human wild life conflict is increasing at an alarming rate. Bear was the most common animal responsible for human animal conflict, followed by leopard. Monkey and red fox attacks were less common and less lethal. Mortality was highest in leopard attacks.Conclusions: Human wild life conflict is certainly increasing. Most of the attacks due to bear and leopard are devastating. Most of the survivors of such attacks are left with some degree of disability and psychiatric disturbances. Maintaining ecological balance is the best way to control human animal conflict.

Background: Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is one of the common procedures done for fracture neck of femur in elderly.  Debate about Cemented or cementless is still on. Cementing increases perioperative mortality by causing significant hemodynamic changes or embolization. Patients with cardiopulmonary complications are at higher risk of cementing complications. We report our series of 31 cases of fracture neck of femur with cardiopulmonary diseases operated over 2 years with modular cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty.Methods: 31 elderly patients with cardiopulmonary co-morbidities (age=75 to 97 years) with displaced femoral neck fractures were operated between January 2011 to December 2013. Cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty using hydroxyapatite coated stem was done by single surgeon using same implant in all the patients through anterolateral approach. Clinical and radiological follow-up was done with mean follow up of 54 months (36-72 months).Results: Total 31 cases with cardiopulmonary comorbidities were operated. The average follow up was 54 months. No intraoperative mortality was seen. 3 patients had splitting of femur during canal preparation. 1 patient died due to cardiac arrest in the post-operative period. 1 patient had surgical site infection. 3 patients had hemodynamic abnormalities and 1 patient had significant limb length discripency (1.5 cm). 2 patients died in the follow up because of comorbidities.  27 patients reached to pre-injury status with average harris hip score of 86 at final follow up.Conclusions: Cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty with hydroxyapatite coated stem is a good option for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients with cardiopulmonary complications without risking the harmful effects of cementing.

Impending gangrene of fingers in infants due to mother hair as constriction band is very rare. However its symptoms overlap with symptoms of peripheral cold injuries and can be easily mistaken for each other by people.