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Adsorptive removal of CBSOL LE red wool dye form aqueous solution onto commercial activated carbon (CAC) was investigated in a batch system. Various process parameters like pH, dosage of CAC (m) and adsorption time (t) were considered and optimized with full factorial central composite design under response surface methodology. At optimized parameters, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed and adsorption equilibrium data were represented using Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson (R-P) isotherm models. Also, diffusivity was calculated for the rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. Optimum process parameters were found to be m = 2.92 g/100 ml, t = 6.75 h and pH = 3.95, and at these optimized parameters, % removal of CBSOL LE red wool dye (Y) was found to be 86 %. Pseudo-second-order kinetic was found to best fit the adsorption kinetic data. Freundlich and R-P isotherms were found to best represent the equilibrium adsorption data. Diffusivity for the intra-particle diffusion was found to be 9.676 9 10 -8 and 1.396 9 10 -8 m 2 /s at initial concentration of CBSOL LE red wool dye (C 0 ) of 50 and 100 mg/l, respectively.

A cost-time trade-off bulk transportation problem (BTP) with the objectives to minimize the total cost and duration of the bulk transportation without according priorities to them is considered. The entire requirement of each destination is to be met from a single source only; however a source can supply to any number of destinations subject to the availability of the commodity at it. The Extremum Difference Method (EDM) is applied to obtain the set of Pareto optimal solutions of this problem. This work provides an alternate procedure to obtain the solutions obtained by Prakash et al. [9].

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