There is pressing need for innovation in clinical research to more effectively recruit, engage, retain, and promote health among diverse populations overburdened by health disparities. The purpose of this study is to provide a detailed illustration of the cultural adaptation of an evidence-based intervention to bolster translational research with currently underserved communities. The cultural adaptation heuristic framework described by Barrera and colleagues is applied to the adaptation of a physical activity evidence-based intervention with adult Somali women. Widespread changes were required to ensure program feasibility and acceptability, including the reduction of assessment protocols and changes discordant with current trends in physical activity research. The cultural adaptation of evidence-based interventions offers an important mechanism for reducing health disparities. Improved reporting standards, assessment of features relevant to underserved communities, and greater funding requirements to ensure better representation are needed to promote more widespread access for all people. KeywordsCross-cultural research, Cultural adaptation, Health disparities, Translational research, Physical activity interventions, Refugee research There is a pressing need for innovations in clinical research to more effectively recruit, engage, retain, and promote health among diverse populations overburdened by health disparities [1][2][3]. Disparities persist for many racial/ethnic minority groups in health outcomes [4], as well as representation in clinical research and interventions [2,5]. Culturally, adapting current evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for use with more diverse target populations offers great potential for decreasing health disparities and increasing access to EBIs, yet there is a need to advance this science with broader applications within diverse populations [6][7][8][9].There are several cultural adaptation theories and frameworks proposed in the literature, but few comprehensive illustrations of program adaptations, which are needed to guide best practice. Herein, we detail the cultural adaptation of an efficacious physical activity (PA) program following the heuristic framework laid out by Barrera and Castro [10]. We selected this framework because it provides flexibility in the dimensions for adaptation (e.g., engagement strategies, outcomes) and clear steps for structuring the cultural adaptation process. The framework includes four steps that include a range of information gathering, adaptation processes, and adaptation tests. The goal of program adaptation is to identify and address challenges to ensuring program fidelity alongside the acceptability of the program for the new target population [11].African immigrants represent one such underrepresented group in research and programming [12]. In particular, Somali women appear to have unique barriers to engaging in PA such as cultural practices related to modesty and limited exposure to intentional physical activity in Somalia [13], al...