A 26-year-old Malaysian woman (childbearing age) attended a private primary care clinic with a known case of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and complained of persistent nausea and a few episodes of vomiting. She had no known drug allergy, no surgical history, no hospitalization in the last two years, was a non-smoker, and no history of drug or alcohol abuse. The patient was prescribed Tab metoclopramide 10 mg TDS and Tab ranitidine 150 mg BD for five days. About 30 min after oral administration of both medicines, her eyes rolled involuntary upward, leading to lateral deviation of the eyes, and mouth jaws clenched as if “dislocated jaws.” The patient was immediately brought into an emergency department (ED) of a public tertiary care hospital. A drug challenge test was done which resulted in the withdrawal of metoclopramide. The accompanied sister later disclosed that the patient had taken metoclopramide and ranitidine from a private clinic earlier in the day. The patient self-assumed to have a sudden seizure, due to excessive hot weather and dehydration. A slow intravenous infusion of 50 mg/mL diphenhydramine hydrochloride in 0.9% w/v NaCl 100 mL was administered stat. Consequently, the symptoms vanished after approximately 30 min of the therapy, devoid of relapse. The patient was discharged from ED post 8 hours of monitoring with complete recovery. Physicians frequently prescribe metoclopramide to treat nausea and vomiting, which may cause adverse drug reaction of acute dystonic oculogyric crisis (OGC). Due to its unwanted and unpredictable extrapyramidal symptoms, metoclopramide should be prescribed and dispensed with caution. Thorough history taking at ED is imperative for correct early diagnosis and treatment, as metoclopramide-induced dystonic OGC has a high probability of confusion with other causes of dystonia such as conversion and seizures, encephalitis, tetanus, and hypercalcemic tetany.

The Cord blood is the blood from the baby that is left in the umbilical cord and placenta postpartum. Cord blood contains all the normal elements of blood-red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. But it is also rich in haematopoietic stem cells, similar to those found in the bone marrow. Haematopoietic stem cell cells that can be used to treat some types of diseases. The first successful transplantation using haematopoietic stem cells from cord blood was performed in 1988 by a team lead by Dr E. Gluckman to treat a five-year-old boy suffering from Fanconi’s anaemia. It has been estimated that more than 35,500 transplants have been performed in children and adults for the correction of inborn errors of metabolism, hematopoietic malignancies, and genetic disorders of the blood and immune system. The umbilical cord is a narrow tube-like structure that connects the growing baby to the placenta. The cord is sometimes called the baby's “supply line” because it carries the baby's blood back and forth, between the baby and the placenta. It delivers nutrients and oxygen to the baby and excretes the baby's waste products. Three cord blood banking options are available public, private and direct donation banks. The protocols and standards for screening collections and storage of cord blood have now been established worldwide for both public and private cord blood banks. The use of cord blood provides viable options for paediatric patients with malignant conditions, hemoglobinopathies, metabolic disorders, immune deficiencies and regenerative applications.

Cannabinoid receptors, located throughout the body, are part of the endocannabinoid system. Cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors are G protein-coupled receptors present from the early stages of gestation, which is involved in various physiological processes, including appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory. Due to the lipophilic nature of cannabinoids, it was initially thought that these compounds exert several biological effects by disrupting the cell membrane nonspecifically. Recent biochemical and behavioral findings have demonstrated that blockade of CB1 receptors engenders antidepressant-like neurochemical changes (increases in extracellular levels of monoamines in cortical but not subcortical brain regions) and behavioral effects consistent with antidepressant/antistress activity. We aim to define various roles of cannabinoid receptors in modulating signaling pathways and association with several pathophysiological conditions.

Streptomycin is a semi-synthetic, oldest aminoglycoside. It is the first line drug for tuberculosis. It may adversely produce ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockage. The initial isolation of streptomycin from Streptomyces griseus. A 51 year old female visited to the medicine OPD in hospital. On presentation she complained of vomiting and vertigo from last few days. The patient recently diagnosed for Pulmonary TB by chest X-ray 3 month back. She taken streptomycin 0.75mg IV bid. As these were the new symptoms, the physician requested for otolaryngologist consultation to rule out the other causes and was insignificant. But the audiometry report showed hearing loss. The ototoxicity caused by aminoglycosides is permanent and can negatively affect the individual’s quality of life. The early detection, management and therapeutic approaches for prevention of hearing loss is crucial. Reporting here is an interesting case of streptomycin induced cochlear toxicity. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):99-101

SARS-COV 2 Is causative agent of COVID 19, just few month ago was foreign to us and now spreading its routes well in India. Starting with one case As of August 25, 2020 in India 3167323 positive cases have been reported. coronavirus is beta form  of SARS-CoV-2 belong to family of Coronaviridae. A 44-year-old man, who lives in Kolakata, West Bengal, Working in a travel agency. He came To OPD with complaint of fever, Throat Infection, Multiple joint and muscle pain, Cough. A SARS-CoV-2 Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test was positive. He was being treated & Monitored in Home isolation with high dose oral ascorbic acid, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin and Zinc acetate. This Article aimed to Case Presentation And Treatment Review of Novel COVID 19. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, January 2021;8(1):75-77