Objective:Erosion of tooth surface is attributed to recent shift in diet pattern and frequent use of beverages. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different beverages on surface topography and hardness of nano-filled composite material.Methods:Sixty flat disc shaped resin composite samples were fabricated and placed in distilled water for 24 hours. After 24 hours test samples were dried and divided into 4 groups. Group A (n=15) specimens were placed in tight amber bottle comprising 25 ml of artificial saliva. Similarly Group B, C and D were stored in equal amounts of orange juice, milk and coca cola drink respectively. Samples were checked for hardness and surface changes were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy.Results:There were strong significant difference observed in samples immersed in orange juice and artificial saliva. A strong significant difference was seen between Group D and Group A. Group A and Group C showed no significant difference. The micro-hardness test showed reduced values among all samples.Conclusion:Beverages consumed daily have a negative influence on hardness and surface degradation of nano-filled dental composite. Comparatively, nano-filled composites possess higher surface area to volume ratio of their fillers particle size may lead to higher surface roughness than other resin based dental biomaterials.

Background: The role of hormones in the female body is well known in reproductive age. Several studies have been conducted regarding hormonal fluctuations and their association with obsessive-compulsive disorder, but the role of psychological issues relevant to it has been ignored and only hormonal fluctuation and its impact were the target. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Self-Concept Clarity (SCC) and obsessive-compulsive tendencies (Obsessive-Compulsive Concerns about Cleanliness (OCC) and Obsessive-Compulsive concerns about Harm and Injury (OCHI)). Another objective was to identify the difference between SCC, OCC, and OCHI in healthy and unhealthy females. Methods: A sample of (N=210) females, an equal number of healthy and unhealthy females, from different hospitals and the general population, with a mean age of 21 years, was selected by using convenience sampling technique as a type of non-probability sampling. Study participants were selected from the same city. Results: Comparison of healthy and unhealthy females revealed high levels of SCC and obsessive-compulsive tendencies among unhealthy females and also a significant positive correlation was found between these constructs. Conclusion: The females with irregular hormonal fluctuations develop obsessive-compulsive tendencies and these people are most sensitive to unimportant affairs, even sensitive to themselves that might create clarity in their self-concept.