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This literary review aims to gather technical information on the parameters analyzed as a result of equine sports medicine and exercise physiology. These parameters are divided into physical, hemodynamic, and biochemical. Within these three, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RF), electrocardiography, erythrogram, leukogram, creatine kinase (CK), lactate, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactated dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose and electrolytic salts (sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and calcium). Today, we seek to understand the dynamics exercised by horses during the year, which makes the growth of research in this area increasingly greater. However, crucial details are still lacking for certain reference standards to be accepted, and the idea of the different actions of the body from equine athletes to non-athlete horses is raised.