Many people are often suffering from food poisoning and other health diseases. The isolation of pathogens from domestic refrigerators was performed to determine the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms. Samples were obtained from domestic refrigerators of various parts of Mosul city. The swabs were inoculated onto Mannitol salt agar, EMB agar, MacConkey agar and were incubated for 24 hours at 37C. After incubation 10 bacterial cultures were obtained using various cultivation medium. Gram’s staining revealed 10 isolates were Gram negative. For the Gram negative isolates biochemical tests were performed. Catalase test showed positive results for all the isolates. From the morphological and biochemical characteristics the isolates were identified as Salmonella sp., Citrobactor sp., Proteus sp., E. coli. These findings underline the need for greater consumer’s education regarding proper cleaning of their refrigerators and safe food handling practices.

The current study aimed to detect the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae by identifying Pneumolysin and determining the gene (ply) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study aimed to highlight the isolation and identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae using morphological, biochemical and Vitek, as well as investigation about pneumolysin phenotypically and molecularly through ply gene and sent the PCR products to sequencing by sanger method. Fifty sputum specimens were collected from patients at AL Salam Hospital, Iben Sina/ Mosul/ Iraq, from August 2021 to March 2022. The isolated bacteria were identified depending on morphology and biochemical properties; Vitek and the ply gene were detected by PCR technique. Five isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae showed the ability to produce pneumolysin when tested by a double agar layer. When PCR reaction was performed on the Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumolysin gene, the results on gel electrophoresis showed three bands with 238 bp, and the ratio of the presence of the ply gene was 80%. PCR products were then submitted to sequencing by the Sanger method, and the ply sequencing result showed Point mutations that nucleotide and amino acid change with location. Keywords: Streptococcus pneumonia; pneumolysin; ply gene; PCR sequencing.