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This report discusses the different options for coupling thermal energy storage (TES) systems to advanced nuclear power plants (A-NPPs) in order to enable flexible and hybrid plant operation. An advanced light-water reactor (A-LWR), a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) and a liquid-metal fast reactor (LMFR) were selected as the initial use cases for demonstrating a thermally balanced energy storage coupling design for thermal power extraction. v

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Idaho National Laboratory (INL) continues to be at the forefront of advanced reactor systems and integrated energy systems (IES) research. The Thermal Energy Distribution System (TEDS) and Microreactor Agile Non-nuclear Test Bed (MAGNET) experiments in the Dynamic Energy Transport and Innovation Laboratory (DETAIL) within INL's Engineering Systems Laboratory involve a mix of digital and physical testing systems that can be used to explore the operation of thermally and electrically integrated systems. Modeling of these systems has been accomplished using the IES program's HYBRID modeling repository. DETAIL also contains high-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) units to produce hydrogen and generate the load imposed on MAGNET and TEDS. The dynamic modeling capabilities within the IES program describe the DETAIL components as built, and can be used to evaluate controls, process flows, and overall system conditions. v

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