During the past decade, many countries have returned to public housing to meet the demand for affordable housing. Using the Esping-Anderson typology, this study examines how differences in a country’s political economic regime influence the implementation and outcomes of public housing policies over time and the extent to which and how the differences change over time. The analysis focuses on Sweden, the United States, and Israel, representing three different regime types. In light of the renewed worldwide recognition of the importance of public housing, such an analysis can help shape more effective public housing policies.