Objective: To investigate association between dietary habits and asthma severity in children.Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Two teaching hospitals in Brazil.Participants: Cases (n=268) were children (3-12yr) with persistent asthma and age-matched controls (n=126) were those with intermittent asthma. Main outcome measures:Dietary habits were determined based on food consumption in the past 12 months classified as frequent (≥3 times per week) or infrequent (never or <3 times per week).Nutritional status was classified into two categories according to WHO Child Growth Standards: obese: >2Z-score of BMI-for-age; non-obese: ≤2Z-score of BMI-for-age.Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, maternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm birth and obesity were significantly associated with persistent asthma, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 2.11 (1.08-4.13), 2.61(1.07-6.35) and 2.89 (1.49-5.61), respectively. No significant association was observed between frequency of consumption of specific foods, food groups, or dietary pattern (pro-or contra-Mediterranean diet) and the severity of asthma. Conclusions:This study did not find a significant association between dietary habits and asthma severity in children. Maternal smoking during pregnancy, preterm birth and obesity were independent factors associated with persistent asthma.
RESUMO: Objetivo: conhecer as características sociodemográficas maternas e o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes pediátricos internados em um Hospital Universitário. Método: estudo transversal descritivo realizado entre janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2010. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionário aos familiares, incluindo informações socioeconômicas maternas e características das crianças. As variáveis foram analisadas através do programa Data Analysis and Statistical Software (Stata C11). Resultados: constatou-se um predomínio de mães jovens, fumantes, com mais de quatro anos de estudo, renda familiar entre um e dois salários mínimos e que desenvolvem atividades no lar. A maioria das crianças era do sexo masculino menores de um mês de idade com diagnóstico de doenças respiratórias e período de internação inferior a uma semana. Conclusão: notou-se uma melhora nas condições socioeconômicas e escolaridade entre as mães e um aumento de mães fumantes. Entre as crianças houve um predomínio do sexo masculino e de recém nascidos com problemas respiratórios. Descritores: Pediatria; Hospitalização; Doenças respiratórias.
Obesity measured by BMI and increased abdominal adiposity are significantly associated with risk of persistent asthma but not type of controller medications.
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