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Introduction: Worldwide specific diseases are jeopardizing people's health in the world as well as in Iran. Chronic renal failure as a developed and irreversible failure is usually progressive. End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a situation when renal function is not sufficient to preserve one's life leading to acute uremia resulting in dialysis and/or kidney transplantation for the patients. Although dialysis methods bring about complications for the patients, peritoneal dialysis is relatively cost-effective and more convenient to survive. The present study aimed to investigate (the) Etiologic factor of renal failure and imposed complications of peritoneal dialysis in the patients of Isfahan Alzahra hospital. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 67 patients in Isfahan Peritoneal Dialysis Center. The data from the patients were collected through a two-section questionnaire whose first section was allocated to demographic information and the second part was related to the disease and complications of peritoneal dialysis. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 18. Results: The findings showed that there were 39 (58%) males and 28 (42%) females. Mean age of the subjects was 48 (18.8) years old. Regarding marital status, 65% were married and 35% were single. Considering complications, 28 subjects (53.5%) had infectious complications while 24 subjects (46.2%) had non-infectious complications. The highest frequency in etiologic factor of renal failure was diabetes mellitus in 29 subjects (43.9%) and the lowest for polycystic kidney in 2 subjects (3%); in addition, hypertension was observed in 51 subjects (77.3%). Discussion: The most frequent and important complication of peritoneal dialysis catheters is infection, which may result in catheter loss and discontinuation of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Diabetes and hypertension were found as the most important etiologic factors for renal failure. They should also be considered as two major risk factors in prevention of renal diseases.

Introduction: Mitochondrial disorders play an essential role in reducing the health, infes tation, and progression of aging. The SIRT3 in mitochondria coordinates many mitochondrial biological aspects that are important in aging. Moreover, it alters directly the activity of many metabolic enzymes. Exercise has been able to enhance SIRT3 protein's expression and improve antioxidant function and neuroprotection. Resveratrol acts as a modulator of SIRT3 and has anti-aging and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this s tudy was to determine the effect of HIIT swimming activity and resveratrol supplementation on SIRT3 levels in the frontal lobe among older rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups; control (C), solvent (S), supplement (R), HIIT exercise (EX), HIIT exercise, and supplement (EXR)). The EX group performed HIIT swimming training for six weeks. Group C rats did not practice. Group R rats received only resveratrol supplementation. Rats in the EXR group performed HIIT swimming exercises with resveratrol. Group S received the only solvent. The SIRT3 protein levels were assessed frontal lobe of the rats. Results: A significant increase in SIRT3 protein was observed in group R, EX, and EXR groups compared to the control group. In addition, there was a subs tantial difference between the mean values of SIRT3 protein among the three groups. SIRT3 levels in the EX and EXR groups were significantly greater compared to the R group. Conclusion: Increasing the amount of SIRT3 in the response of HIIT swimming training in older rats indicating the involvement of this protein in metabolic pathways, antioxidant defense, and neuroprotection. In addition to metabolic tissues, this process occurs in the frontal lobe of the brain.n

Background:Studies have shown significant correlation between time to pregnancy (TTP) and pregnancy outcomes. But understanding of these mechanisms may not be facilitated. The aim of this study was to determine the relation between TTP and pregnancy outcome.Materials and Methods:This study was a case cohort study that was done in Shahid Beheshti Educational Hospital during 2006-2007. Women aged 18-35 years, who had only one pregnancy without using any contraception method before pregnancy and delivered their first child, were enrolled in this study. Thus, 801 women were selected and followed up for pregnancy outcome and TTP until the end of pregnancy. All the participants filled in a special questionnaire. Finally the collected data were entered into computer and analyzed by SPSS ver. 20 software.Results:The frequency distribution of TTP-based pregnancy outcome showed that TTP >48 weeks was higher in normal delivery than in abnormal delivery (5.6% vs. 19.4%). According to Chi-square test, the frequency distribution of pregnancy outcome was related to TTP (P < 0.001).Conclusion:According to the results of this study, there is a significant relationship between TTP and pregnancy outcome, and TTP may lead to unwanted complications such as ectopic pregnancy, preterm labor, and abortion. Thus, all women with a long time of contraception, especially in the rural areas, mast be controlled.