Samples oj"&its (grapes, pomegranates, and tomatoes), and vegetables (onions, potatoes, and spinach) were collected directly from randomly selected commercial farms along the Tripoli-Zawiya major road, at the appropriate harvest seasons, during the period of May through November 1988. The objective was to determine the extent of contamination of the crops with toxic heavy metals, lead and cadmium, from trafic emissions. For the purpose of comparison, similar crops were collected, within the sameperiods,from farms in Waddy Al-Rabia, far away from any major road.lhe samples were dry-ashed, and analyzed using flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrophotorneter (AAS) .lhe statistical analyses of the experimental data showed that the major road contributed significantly (P < 0.05) to higher concentrations of lead in aLl the crops examined; and also cadmium in all the crops except in potatoes. Vegetable crops were found to have higher contents of these two metals than the fruits. Substantial amounts of these metals could be removed by washing the samples with triple distilled water.

The study was aimed at establishing storage stability indices of a traditional smoke dried product kamsa, produced from beef. The sample was produced using a standardized method and stored over a period of six months. Data for sorption studies was generated between the temperature ranges of 33.8oC to 50oC for adsorption and desorption using the gravimetric method. The data was analyzed using the Guggeinheim Anderson de Boer (GAB) and the Brunaeur Emmett Teller (BET) model equations. A nonlinear regression analysis method was used to evaluate the constants of the sorption equations. From the results using the GAB model, the monolayer moisture content (Mo) decreased from 0.021 to 0.008gH2O/g solids; the value of the constant K, increased from 0.587 to 1.052; and the value of CG decreased from 2.481 to 2.154. For desorption, the value of Mo decreased from 0.021 to 0.004g H2O/g solids; K increased from 0.587 to 1.035; CG increased from 2.173 to 2.646. The model gave low percent standard error values. The correlation coefficient (R) values obtained for both adsorption and desorption ranged from 0.998 to 0.999, and 0.991 to 1.000, respectively. The Mo values using the BET model at 33.8oC for both adsorption and desorption were 0.055, 0.055, 0.052, 0.049, 0.058, 0.055g H2O/g solid; and 0.057, 0.057, 0.052, 0049, 0.052, 0.057g H2O/g solid, respectively. At 50oC, the adsorption and desorption monolayer moisture values were 0.039, 0.047, 0.049, 0.049, 0.052, 0.058 gH2O/g solids; and 0.054, 0.047, 0.052, 0.052, 0.039, 0.052 gH2O/g solids, respectively. The study concluded that, the GAB model was more suitable in describing the sorption characteristics of Kamsa within the prescribed water activity and temperature ranges.

This study was carried out on three lactating animal species namely: Ouda ewe (A), White Fulani cow (B), and Kano Brown doe (C), at the middle of their second lactation period or parity. The purpose was to compare the gross chemical composition (ash, moisture, total solids, protein, fat, lactose, calcium, pH and titratable acidity) as well as the calorific value of the fresh milk from the three species reared under the same environment. The components were determined using standard analytical methods while the lactose contents were determined by difference. The Ouda ewe milk recorded significantly higher (P 0.05) levels of ash (0.77 0.21%), total solids (19.31 0.17%), protein (4.38 0.04%), lactose (5.36 0.59%), calcium (182.33±0.22mg/100g, and calorific value (88.01±1.22 Cal/100g); and significantly lower (P 0.05) level of moisture (84.04 1.64%) than the White Fulani cow and Kano Brown doe milks. And the lowest levels of pH (6.78 0.06) and titratable acidity (0.22 0.03%) were recorded in the White Fulani cow milk. The results were in agreement with those obtained elsewhere around the world and, it was recommended that efforts should be intensified in creating awareness in Nigeria about the higher nutritional profile of milk from small ruminants and towards breeding of more lactogenic ewe.

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