The aim of this study was to recycle dredged sediments as an alternative raw material in the production of ceramic tiles. The effect of the substitution of kaolin by raw sediment (HDS) and calcined sediment (HDSC) in the mixture of the ceramic tile samples sintered at 1100 and 1200 °C was studied. The samples were prepared with different proportions of HDS and HDSC (0, 10, 20 and 30 wt.%) substituting kaolin. The mineralogical analysis of the samples shows that mullite phase disappears in the samples incorporating raw sediments (HDS) and fired sediments (HDSC) leading to the formation of new crystalline phases such as anorthite and diopside.Moreover, ceramic tile samples with 20 wt.% of calcined sediment improve its densification and hence the compressive strength (171 MPa) and thermal conductivity (0.555 W/mK). An evaluation of the leaching was carried out in the ceramic samples, finding that the concentrations of heavy metals in the leachate were within the safety limit established by the USEPA. The heavy metals were immobilised in the ceramic matrix. Therefore, the results showed that dredged sediment (HDS) and calcined sediment (HDSC) could be used as substituent of kaolin to produce eco-friendly ceramic building materials as floor tile ceramics.

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La necesidad de responder a los problemas ambientales causados por los rechazos mineros, muchos enfoques llevados a cabo para resolver estos problemas. En este trabajo, se estudió el relave de mineral de oro proporcionado por la mina Amesmessa como sustitución en el mortero de cemento. Las cantidades de sustitución estudiadas fueron 0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 % del cemento en peso. Se relevó la composición mineralógica de las principales fases de la hidratación del cemento. Se realizaron pruebas experimentales como la compresión, la porosidad y la absorción de agua. Las pruebas revelaron que la sustitución del cemento al 10% es la cantidad óptima para sustituir el cemento. Se demostró una resistencia a la compresión de 33 Mpa, una porosidad de 10,31% y una absorción de agua de 4,83%. Estos valores se acercan a los de las muestras de referencia. Esta sustitución permite preservar el medio ambiente desde dos puntos de vista, mediante la valorización de los residuos de mineral de oro y la disminución de la emisión de CO2 con la disminución de la producción de cemento.AbstractThe need to respond the environmental problems causing by mining rejects, many approaches carried out to resolve these problems. In this work, we studied the gold ore tailing provided by Amesmessa mine as replacement in cement mortar. The substitution amounts studied 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 % of cement in weight. The mineralogical composition was relieved the principal phases of the cement hydration. Experimental tests carried out such as compressive, porosity, water absorption. The tests revealed that the replacement of cement at 10% percent is the optimum amount to replace cement. It showed 33 Mpa of compressive strength, 10.31% porosity, 4.83% water absorption. These values are so close to those of reference samples. This substitution allows preserving the environment from two sides, by valorizing the gold ore tailing and diminishing the CO2 emission with diminishing the cement production.

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