Abstrak: Peran Modal Manusia Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Regional di Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris peran sentral modal manusia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kontribusi tersebut difokuskan di Pulau Jawa karena menjadi pusat aktivitas perekonomian di Indonesia sehingga perlu dianalisis kontribusi pengembangan modal manusia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode panel data pada 114 kabupaten dan kota di Pulau Jawa selama periode [2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013]. Indikator modal manusia yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rata-rata lama sekolah untuk pendidikan dan angka harapan hidup untuk kesehatan. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan dan kesehatan memiliki kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional. Hal ini mengindikasikan peran penting pendidikan sebagai salah satu sumber utama untuk mencapai pembangunan ekonomi yang lebih baik. Temuan lain dari penelitian ini adalah adanya peran positif dari investasi dan kontribusi yang cenderung negatif dari adanya desentralisasi fiskal.Kata kunci: Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Regional, Modal Manusia, Panel Data, Jawa Abstract: The Role of Human Capital Toward Regional Economic Growth in Java. The aim of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the central role of human capital in economic growth. The contribution of this study is focused on Java island as a center of economic activities in Indonesia that needs to be analyzed the contribution of human capital development to the growth of regional economies. This study uses panel data on 114 counties and cities in Java during the period 2004-2013. Human capital indicators employed in this study is the average length of school for education and life expectancy for health. The estimation results indicate that education and health have a positive contribution to regional economic growth. Its shows the critical role of education as one of the primary sources to achieve better economic development. Another finding of this study is the positive role of investment and tends to be a negative contribution of the fiscal decentralization.Keywords: Regional Economic Growth, Human Capital, Panel Data, Java PENDAHULUAN Modal manusia memiliki peran sentral dalam pembangunan ekonomi, selain adanya modal fisik yang memberikan efek terhadap pembangunan ekonomi. Di sisi lain modal manusia cenderung akan memberikan efek yang akumulatif dan jangka panjang dibandingkan dengan modal fisik. Akumulasi modal manusia diharapkan mampu untuk menjadi salah satu sumber awal dalam pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Menurut (Mincer, 1996) Hubungan timbal balik antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pertumbuhan modal manusia mungkin menjadi kunci penting untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Pembangunan tersebut tidak hanya berkontribusi pada satu aspek saja yaitu pertumbuhan ekonomi tetapi mampu
This research is an empirical spatial analysis of economic and social variables in the counties ABSTRAK Penelitian ini merupakan analisis spasial empirik variabel ekonomi dan sosial di kabupaten dan kota di Jawa. Variabel utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi, ratarata lama sekolah dan harapan hidup. Alat analisis untuk memperkirakan dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan Explatory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA). Analisis dengan GIS adalah memetakan distribusi indikator sosio-ekonomi dengan quantile distribusi, sementara ESDA menganalisis kondisi indikator sosial dan ekonomi dengan Indikator Statistik Global Moran I dan Asosiasi Spasial Lokal (LISA
This study analyzes the contribution of human capital ie education and health to regional economic growth in Indonesia. This study uses the regional level of the province as the unit of analysis with the timeframe from 2004 to 2014. Development of economic growth model which is a dynamic model becomes a challenge for estimation of regression model, this study uses generalized method of moment (GMM) as an analytical tool to overcome bias Which occurred on the model of economic growth. This study provides empirical evidence on the role of education and health to regional economic growth in Indonesia. In addition, the estimation results also provide empirical results of conditional convergence with the contribution of human capital that is education and health as a determinant of convergence
This research analyzes the convergence hypothesis that applied to human capital which is one of important factor for economic development. This model applied to analyze the condition of provinces in Indonesia that have different conditions of human capital between regions for 33 provinces in Indonesia for two period between 2004 to 2010 and 2010 to 2016. This study uses data panels in estimating with fixed effects model as the best model choice. The result of the analysis for sigma convergence model is a decrease of global dispersion of human capital growth in Indonesia for the both periods. The results of beta convergence confirm the existence of absolute and conditional convergence model for the both periods. The determinants of human capital convergence in first period are economic growth, poverty, illiteracy, access to sanitation, access to clean water, number of health centers, and number of universities. Meanwhile different conditions are shown in the second period where the determinants of conditional convergence of human capital are determined only by economic growth, poverty, and sanitation access.
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