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As the degradation of bearing yield to an enormous adverse impact on machinery and the damage that comes within could jeopardize human precious life. Hence, the bearing fault diagnosis is indisputably indispensable. This paper is predominantly focused on the utilization of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in bearing fault diagnosis of the rolling bearing. By deployment of CNN, an accurate diagnosis can be achieved without the necessity of pre-training the data. The function of CNN in diagnosing the bearing and architecture development of CNN are discussed. Lastly, to establish new and significant contribution in this area, new challenges are pinpointed.

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We present a comparative study of model predictive control approaches of two-wheel steering, four-wheel steering, and a combination of two-wheel steering with direct yaw moment control manoeuvres for path-following control in autonomous car vehicle dynamics systems. Single-track mode, based on a linearized vehicle and tire model, is used. Based on a given trajectory, we drove the vehicle at low and high forward speeds and on low and high road friction surfaces for a double-lane change scenario in order to follow the desired trajectory as close as possible while rejecting the effects of wind gusts. We compared the controller based on both simple and complex bicycle models without and with the roll vehicle dynamics for different types of model predictive control manoeuvres. The simulation result showed that the model predictive control gave a better performance in terms of robustness for both forward speeds and road surface variation in autonomous path-following control. It also demonstrated that model predictive control is useful to maintain vehicle stability along the desired path and has an ability to eliminate the crosswind effect.