Some multi-path routing algorithm in MANET, simultaneously send information to the destination through several directions to reduce end-to-end delay. In all these algorithms, the sent traffic through a path affects the adjacent path and unintentionally increases the delay due to the use of adjacent paths. Because, there are repetitive competitions among neighboring nodes, in order to obtain the joint channel in adjacent paths. The represented algorithm in this study tries to discover the distinct paths between source and destination nodes with using Omni directional antennas, to send information through these simultaneously. For this purpose, the number of active neighbors is counted in each direction with using a strategy. These criterions are effectively used to select routes. Proposed algorithm is based on AODV routing algorithm, and in the end it is compared with AOMDV, AODVM, and IZM-DSR algorithms which are multi-path routing algorithms based on AODV and DSR. Simulation results show that using the proposed algorithm creates a significant improvement in energy efficiency and reducing end-to-end delay

No abstract

tomata modelling, like opinion formation or neighbourhood segregation. However, to our knowledge there are virtually no insights into how regular vs. irregular grid structures affect cellular dynamics [14]. Cellular Automata extensions using Voronoi spatial models have been previously proposed to overcome this problem. In these approaches one uses convex cells with different sizes and shapes that can provide a much more adequate terrain partition. A different problem lies in the fact that, on regular Cellular Automata, each cell has a finite set of possible states, and transition between states is a crisp function of present cell state and neighbour cells state. Crisp data modelling and crisp transition mechanisms have known limitations when one trying to model and simulate real-world processes where uncertainty and imprecision is present and cannot simply be ignored [28]. The most prominent reason is that Cellular Automata can be seen as multi-agent system based on locality with overlapping interaction structures. In this perspective, Cellular Automata is attractive as a modelling framework that may provide a better understanding of micro/macro relations. We will give some background specific to the study of cellular automata, and then background from other fields that are necessary for the work here [17]. We will then conclude with some potential questions that merit future investigation, and where appropriate we will discuss potential consequences of such questions.

No abstract

No abstract