Iranian architecture and urbanism have developed in a historical process based on the different needs of people. The evolution of traditional Iranian architecture and urbanism may be characterized by eight factors: introversion, spatial organization, function of different parts, lifestyle, construction method, communication between houses, climatic conditions, and relationship with nature. In the recent decades, however, Iranian architecture and urbanism have faced a blind imitation of foreign cultures. The majority of modern buildings do not reflect the national identity of Iranian people. This paper investigates the architectural and urban transformation in Iran based on the rearrangement of building spaces. In doing so, the paper explores the development process of major interior and exterior elements such as public entrances, private entrances, kitchens, rooms, yards and open spaces. As a conclusion, while traditional Iranian architecture attempts to preserve the national identity and meet the different needs of Iranian people, the modern architecture is a blind imitation of western cultures.

The process of urban planning should be multi-dimensional and comprehensive meaning that it takes into consideration all groups of people especially less able ones. Children are one of these groups who should be taken into consideration more in urban planning and urban design. Planning to make cities smart is one of the new approaches in urban design. However, children are often largely ignored in these plans. The researchers of the present study tried to examine the position of children in smart city-related planning. To this end, the concepts of child-friendly cities are dealt with and studied so that its common indexes with the smart city would be extracted hoping that the position of children in smart cities would be considered more. The research method employed in the study is library-based and analytic-descriptive.