The European Union (EU) promotes European innovation. Diverse stakeholders have opportunities to create knowledge by engaging in innovation projects. Society expects that projects review how they impact on the community and how they share knowledge and deliver outcomes. This systematic literature review is based on a key word search and analysis of a final sample of 31 academic papers by extracting relevant data from the articles into a Data Extraction Table (DET). Results indicate that four main themes discussed emerge from the sample literature: ICT alignment, Organisational Culture, Innovation Culture, and ICT-readiness. Organizational Learning approaches can provide a framework to design methodology for conducting Societal Impact Assessment, and E-skills and Training. This study specifically adds to the body of knowledge of approaches to organisational learning This perspective can provide additional elements towards the development of a more comprehensive Societal Impact Assessment Toolkit and E-skills and Training Toolkit for the ECHO project.

The 2020 Allianz Risk Barometer, with 39% of responses, ranked cyber incidents as the number one risk threatening business continuity. Any organisation may face a number of challenges e.g. costly data breaches, ransomware incidents, and even litigation after an event. The Internet has, in many ways, changed society, transformed businesses, organisational communication and learning. People can now interact through social networking platforms. Modern society has become very technology driven, as ICT is now an integral component in peoples’ lives. However, besides the many benefits that the Internet and other ICT technology bring, there are also threats, such as cyber-attacks looking to exploit vulnerabilities in ICT applications and systems. This study is a systematic literature review that explores how societal impacts of cyber security in modern society are discussed in academic literature. The Introduction discusses the overall importance of cyber security in today’s society. The body of this paper presents the method in which the literature review was conducted, and a concise summary of the findings that answer the research question: How are societal impacts of cyber security discussed in academic literature? Six categories of investigation of societal impacts of cyber security are identified: 1) Impacts on Social and Societal Levels, 2) Detection of cyber-crime and incidents, 3) Critical infrastructures and services, 4) Impacts of incidents and individual technology, 5) Cybersecurity awareness, and 6) Cybersecurity and collaboration. Lastly, the conclusions, based on the research findings, address the feasibility, impact, strengths, weaknesses and possible ethical concerns of cybersecurity. This paper contributes to the overall understanding of current societal impacts of cyber security, and this understanding benefits the development of methods that assess societal impacts, as well as provides focus for future training and development of cyber and e-skills needed for better awareness of cyber threats, and to better address possible cyber incidents.